Glucagen

Active Ingredient:: Glucagon
Origin:: EU

Glucagen (Glucagon)

Q: What is Glucagen and how does it work?

Glucagen is a prescription injectable form of the hormone glucagon. It works by stimulating the liver to break down glycogen and produce glucose, rapidly raising blood sugar levels in patients with severe hypoglycemia.

Q: When should Glucagen be administered for severe hypoglycemia?

Glucagen should be given when a patient with diabetes has a blood glucose level below 50 mg/dL and cannot safely ingest oral carbohydrates, such as when they are unconscious or unable to swallow.

Q: How is Glucagen injected (intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous)?

Glucagen can be administered by intramuscular, subcutaneous, or intravenous injection, depending on the clinical setting and the provider’s assessment.

Q: What are the common side effects of Glucagen?

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, flushing, headache, injection‑site pain or redness, dizziness, and a transient increase in blood pressure.

Q: What serious adverse reactions can occur with Glucagen?

Serious reactions may include severe allergic responses (anaphylaxis), rapid heart rate or palpitations, hypotension, persistent hyperglycemia, severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, and rarely acute pancreatitis.

Q: Who should not receive Glucagen?

Glucagen should be avoided in individuals with known hypersensitivity to glucagon or any component of the formulation, and used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease or those on beta‑blockers.

Q: How should Glucagen be stored before use?

The product should be stored according to the manufacturer’s instructions, typically in a refrigerator between 2 °C and 8 °C, protected from light, and discarded if it becomes discolored or contains particles.

Q: Can Glucagen be used in children?

Yes, Glucagen can be used in pediatric patients, but the dose should be adjusted based on weight and clinical guidelines, and administration should be performed by trained personnel.

Q: What should be done if a patient experiences an allergic reaction to Glucagen?

If signs of an allergic reaction such as rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing occur, stop the injection, seek emergency medical assistance, and treat the reaction according to standard anaphylaxis protocols.

Q: Are there any drug interactions that require avoiding Glucagen?

Glucagen should be avoided with beta‑blockers that can mask hypoglycemia symptoms and with other glucagon‑like agents unless supervised by a healthcare professional.

Glucagen is a prescription injectable medication that contains the peptide hormone glucagon as its active ingredient. It is supplied as an injection solution, typically in a prefilled syringe or vial, with a strength that varies by market but is not specified here. Glucagen is approved in the European Union for emergency treatment of severe hypoglycemia and is administered by intramuscular, intravenous, or subcutaneous routes in clinical practice.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Novo Nordisk Pharma Gmbh

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Indications & Clinical Uses

Glucagen is indicated for the rapid reversal of severe hypoglycemia when oral carbohydrate intake is insufficient or impossible.

Emergency treatment of hypoglycemia in diabetic patients.
Use in unconscious patients with blood glucose < 50 mg/dL.
Administration when glucagon response is needed during insulin overdose.
Treatment of hypoglycemia in children and adults when immediate glucose elevation is required.
Use by healthcare professionals in hospital or pre‑hospital settings.
Administration by trained personnel in emergency kits for rapid self‑treatment when professional help is delayed.

Side Effects

Glucagen may cause a range of adverse effects, most of which are transient and related to its pharmacologic action on blood glucose and the injection site. These effects usually resolve without intervention, but monitoring is recommended after administration, especially immediately.

Common

Nausea or vomiting.
Flushing or warmth sensation.
Headache.
Injection site pain, redness, or swelling.
Dizziness or light‑headed feeling.
Transient increase in blood pressure.
Mild tremor or shakiness.

Serious

Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) with rash, itching, swelling of face or throat.
Rapid heart rate (tachycardia) or palpitations.
Hypotension or fainting.
Persistent hyperglycemia requiring medical attention.
Severe abdominal pain.
Persistent vomiting.
Acute pancreatitis (rare).

Precautions & Warnings

Glucagen should be used with caution in specific patient populations and clinical situations to minimize risks.

Verify severe hypoglycemia before administration; do not give if blood glucose is above 70 mg/dL.
Use only when trained personnel are available to manage potential adverse reactions.
Adjust dose in pediatric patients according to weight and clinical guidelines.
Avoid use in patients with known hypersensitivity to glucagon or any formulation components.
Monitor cardiovascular status, especially in patients with heart disease, after injection.
Store the product according to manufacturer instructions to maintain potency.
Discard any solution that appears discolored or contains particles.

Avoid Interactions

Glucagen can interact with other medications or substances that affect glucose metabolism or cardiovascular function.

Avoid

Concomitant use of beta‑blockers that may mask signs of hypoglycemia.
Simultaneous administration of other glucagon‑like agents without medical supervision.
Use with caution in patients receiving glucagon antagonists, as efficacy may be reduced.

Use with caution

Insulin analogs or high‑dose insulin therapy, as they may increase the need for repeated glucagon dosing.
Oral hypoglycemic agents, especially sulfonylureas, which can predispose to recurrent hypoglycemia.
Catecholamine‑releasing drugs (e.g., epinephrine) that may augment cardiovascular effects.
Diuretics that may alter electrolyte balance and affect glucagon action.

Frequently Asked Questions

Glucagen is a prescription injectable form of the hormone glucagon. It works by stimulating the liver to break down glycogen and produce glucose, rapidly raising blood sugar levels in patients with severe hypoglycemia.

Glucagen should be given when a patient with diabetes has a blood glucose level below 50 mg/dL and cannot safely ingest oral carbohydrates, such as when they are unconscious or unable to swallow.

Glucagen can be administered by intramuscular, subcutaneous, or intravenous injection, depending on the clinical setting and the provider’s assessment.

Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, flushing, headache, injection‑site pain or redness, dizziness, and a transient increase in blood pressure.

Serious reactions may include severe allergic responses (anaphylaxis), rapid heart rate or palpitations, hypotension, persistent hyperglycemia, severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, and rarely acute pancreatitis.

Glucagen should be avoided in individuals with known hypersensitivity to glucagon or any component of the formulation, and used with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease or those on beta‑blockers.

The product should be stored according to the manufacturer’s instructions, typically in a refrigerator between 2 °C and 8 °C, protected from light, and discarded if it becomes discolored or contains particles.

Yes, Glucagen can be used in pediatric patients, but the dose should be adjusted based on weight and clinical guidelines, and administration should be performed by trained personnel.

If signs of an allergic reaction such as rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing occur, stop the injection, seek emergency medical assistance, and treat the reaction according to standard anaphylaxis protocols.

Glucagen should be avoided with beta‑blockers that can mask hypoglycemia symptoms and with other glucagon‑like agents unless supervised by a healthcare professional.

Blood glucose typically begins to rise within 5 to 15 minutes after injection, with a peak effect occurring around 20 to 30 minutes.

The standard adult dose is 1 mg administered by injection; however, exact dosing should follow the prescribing information and clinical judgment.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated: 26 Jun 2026

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