Product image of Glucophage Xr (Metformin Hydrochloride) supplied by GNH India

Glucophage Xr

Active Ingredient:
Metformin Hydrochloride
Origin:
EU

Glucophage Xr (Metformin Hydrochloride)

Glucophage XR is a prescription oral medication containing metformin hydrochloride, a biguanide antidiabetic agent, available in extended‑release tablets. It is marketed in the European Union and is used to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The formulation provides a gradual release of the active ingredient, allowing once‑daily dosing and potentially reducing gastrointestinal discomfort compared with immediate‑release versions. It should be taken with food.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Merck Santé S.A.S.

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Indications & Clinical Uses

Glucophage XR is indicated for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes diet and exercise.

  • Improves fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels.
  • Used as monotherapy when metformin alone is sufficient.
  • Can be combined with other oral antidiabetic agents or insulin.
  • May be prescribed when a patient requires a simplified once‑daily regimen.
  • Helps reduce HbA1c when used consistently over several weeks.
  • May be considered in patients with mild to moderate renal function, following dosing guidelines.

Side Effects

The safety profile of Glucophage XR reflects the known effects of metformin, with most patients experiencing mild, transient symptoms while serious reactions are uncommon.

Common

  • Nausea or upset stomach.
  • Diarrhea or loose stools.
  • Abdominal discomfort or cramping.
  • Metallic taste in the mouth.
  • Loss of appetite.
  • Weight loss.

Serious

  • Lactic acidosis, a rare metabolic emergency.
  • Severe skin reactions such as Stevens‑Johnson syndrome.
  • Hepatotoxicity (liver enzyme elevation).

Precautions & Warnings

When prescribing Glucophage XR, clinicians should evaluate patient history and laboratory values to minimize risks and ensure appropriate use.

  • Assess renal function before initiation and periodically thereafter.
  • Avoid use in patients with known hypersensitivity to metformin.
  • Use with caution in hepatic impairment or alcohol misuse.
  • Monitor for signs of vitamin B12 deficiency during long‑term therapy.
  • Adjust dose in elderly patients due to altered pharmacokinetics.
  • Discontinue before any iodinated contrast imaging that may affect kidney function.

Avoid Interactions

Glucophage XR may interact with other medicines, influencing blood glucose control or increasing the risk of adverse effects.

Avoid

  • Iodinated radiographic contrast agents (may cause acute kidney injury).
  • Cimetidine (can increase metformin plasma concentrations).

Use with caution

  • Diuretics, ACE inhibitors, or ARBs (risk of renal function decline).
  • Beta‑blockers (may mask hypoglycemia symptoms).
  • Corticosteroids (can raise blood glucose).
  • Alcohol (enhances risk of lactic acidosis).

Frequently Asked Questions

Glucophage XR (metformin) decreases hepatic glucose production and improves peripheral insulin sensitivity, helping to lower blood sugar levels.

Yes, the extended‑release tablets are usually taken with meals to reduce gastrointestinal upset.

Glucophage XR is designed for once‑daily dosing, typically at the same time each day.

Renal function should be evaluated before starting and monitored during therapy; dose adjustments or avoidance may be needed in significant impairment.

Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, abdominal discomfort, metallic taste, loss of appetite, and mild weight loss.

Lactic acidosis is a rare but serious condition that can occur, especially in patients with severe renal or hepatic impairment.

Alcohol can increase the risk of lactic acidosis and should be limited or avoided.

The pregnancy category is not clearly defined; clinicians should weigh potential benefits against risks and follow local guidelines.

Yes, iodinated contrast agents can impair kidney function and increase metformin levels; the drug is usually stopped before the procedure.

Long‑term metformin therapy may reduce vitamin B12 absorption; periodic monitoring is recommended.

Glucophage XR can be used alongside insulin to improve glycemic control, but dose adjustments and monitoring are required.

Take the missed dose as soon as remembered unless it is close to the time of the next scheduled dose; do not double‑dose.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated:

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