Glycofren (Metformin Hydrochloride)

Glycofren is indicated for several metabolic conditions where glucose regulation is required.

• Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults.
• Treatment of insulin resistance associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
• Adjunct therapy for weight management in diabetic patients when diet and exercise are insufficient.
• Off‑label consideration for pre‑diabetes under physician guidance.
• May be used in combination with other antidiabetic agents to achieve target glycemic control.

Metformin hydrochloride can cause a range of side effects, most of which are mild and transient.

Common

• Gastrointestinal upset such as nausea, abdominal discomfort, or diarrhea.
• Metallic taste in the mouth.
• Decreased appetite.
• Mild headache.
• Vitamin B12 deficiency with long‑term use.

Serious

• Lactic acidosis, a rare but potentially life‑threatening condition.
• Severe skin reactions like Stevens‑Johnson syndrome.
• Hepatic dysfunction in patients with pre‑existing liver disease.
• Persistent or worsening gastrointestinal symptoms.
• Hypoglycemia when combined with other glucose‑lowering drugs.

Before starting Glycofren, certain health considerations should be reviewed with a healthcare professional.

• Assess renal function; metformin is contraindicated in severe renal impairment.
• Evaluate liver function, as hepatic disease can increase risk of lactic acidosis.
• Use with caution in patients with heart failure or chronic hypoxia.
• Monitor vitamin B12 levels during prolonged therapy.
• Discontinue before any radiographic studies involving iodinated contrast agents.
• Pregnancy category B: generally considered safe, but use only if clearly needed.
• Breastfeeding mothers should consult their physician before use.

Metformin may interact with several medications, affecting its efficacy or safety.

Avoid

• Iodinated contrast agents used in imaging studies.
• Cimetidine, which can increase metformin plasma concentrations.
• Certain diuretics that may impair renal function.

Use with caution

• Alcohol, as it can increase the risk of lactic acidosis.
• Beta‑blockers, which may mask hypoglycemia symptoms.
• Other antidiabetic agents (e.g., sulfonylureas, insulin) that can potentiate hypoglycemia.
• ACE inhibitors or ARBs, requiring monitoring of renal function.