Grafalon (Anti-T Lymphocyte Immunoglobulin For Human Use, Rabbit)

Grafalon is indicated for specific immunosuppressive purposes in transplant medicine.

• Prevention of acute graft‑versus‑host disease (GVHD) following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
• Induction of immunosuppression to reduce the risk of acute rejection in solid organ transplantation, such as kidney, liver, or heart grafts.
• Adjunct therapy in conditioning regimens for bone marrow transplantation to facilitate engraftment.
• Use as part of a prophylactic immunosuppressive protocol in patients receiving high‑risk transplants.

The safety profile of Grafalon includes a range of observed adverse reactions, which are categorized by frequency and clinical significance.

Common

• Fever, chills, or rigors during infusion.
• Nausea, vomiting, or mild gastrointestinal upset.
• Transient lymphopenia with reduced T‑cell counts.

Serious

• Severe infusion reactions including anaphylaxis or bronchospasm.
• Cytokine release syndrome with high fever and hypotension.
• Opportunistic infections such as viral, fungal, or bacterial due to profound immunosuppression.

Clinicians should consider several precautionary measures when prescribing Grafalon to minimize risks and ensure appropriate patient monitoring.

• Assess baseline complete blood count and renal function before initiation.
• Monitor vital signs and temperature closely during and after each infusion.
• Screen for active infections, including viral hepatitis and HIV, prior to treatment.
• Use pre‑medication (e.g., antihistamines, corticosteroids) to reduce infusion‑related reactions.
• Adjust dose or discontinue therapy in patients with severe hypersensitivity or uncontrolled infections.

Grafalon may interact with other medications, influencing its efficacy or safety profile.

Avoid

• Concurrent use with live vaccines due to heightened risk of infection.
• Simultaneous administration of other potent T‑cell depleting agents without specialist guidance.

Use with caution

• Combine with nephrotoxic drugs such as calcineurin inhibitors; monitor renal function.
• Co‑administer antiviral agents that require dose adjustment in immunosuppressed patients.
• Monitor blood glucose closely if combined with corticosteroids, as hyperglycemia risk may increase.