Product image of Haldol (Haloperidol) supplied by GNH India

Haldol

Active Ingredient:
Haloperidol
Origin:
EU

Haldol (Haloperidol)

Haldol is the brand name for the intramuscular injection of haloperidol, a typical antipsychotic of the butyrophenone class. The product is supplied in a sterile solution for intramuscular use, with the exact strength determined by the manufacturer and marketed in the European Union. Haloperidol works as a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist and is prescribed by healthcare professionals for certain psychiatric conditions and symptom management in clinical practice.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Essential Pharma Limited

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Indications & Clinical Uses

Haloperidol injection is indicated for the short‑term management of several acute psychiatric states.

  • Acute exacerbations of schizophrenia
  • Acute psychosis of any etiology
  • Manic episodes associated with bipolar disorder
  • Severe agitation requiring rapid control
  • Pre‑operative sedation in patients at risk of psychotic reactions

Side Effects

Side effects of haloperidol IM vary in frequency and severity.

Common

  • Extrapyramidal symptoms such as dystonia, akathisia, or parkinsonism
  • Sedation or drowsiness
  • Dry mouth

Serious

  • Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  • Tardive dyskinesia (persistent involuntary movements)
  • Cardiac arrhythmias, including QT interval prolongation

Precautions & Warnings

When prescribing haloperidol IM, clinicians should evaluate several safety considerations.

  • Assess cardiovascular status, especially for QT prolongation risk
  • Monitor for extrapyramidal symptoms and intervene early
  • Use cautiously in patients with a history of seizures or other CNS disorders
  • Avoid in individuals with known hypersensitivity to haloperidol or formulation components
  • Evaluate hepatic and renal function before initiating therapy
  • Consider pregnancy, breastfeeding, and elderly patient factors before use

Avoid Interactions

Haloperidol can interact with other medicines that affect the central nervous system or cardiac conduction.

Avoid

  • Concurrent use with other dopamine antagonists or strong QT‑prolonging agents (e.g., quinidine, halofantrine)
  • Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
  • High‑dose CNS depressants such as benzodiazepines when rapid sedation is not intended

Use with caution

  • Anticholinergic agents that may mask extrapyramidal signs
  • CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, erythromycin) which can increase haloperidol levels
  • CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampin, carbamazepine) which may reduce efficacy
  • Lithium, due to potential additive neurotoxic effects
  • Antihypertensive drugs, as orthostatic hypotension may be enhanced

Frequently Asked Questions

Haloperidol IM is used for acute schizophrenia exacerbations, acute psychosis, manic episodes of bipolar disorder, and severe agitation that requires rapid control.

Haloperidol blocks dopamine D2 receptors in the brain, reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission that is associated with psychotic symptoms.

Common adverse effects include extrapyramidal symptoms (such as dystonia or akathisia), sedation, and dry mouth.

Clinicians may prefer the intramuscular route when a rapid onset is needed, when the patient cannot take oral medication, or during severe agitation.

Elderly patients are more susceptible to orthostatic hypotension, sedation, and extrapyramidal reactions, so dose adjustments and close monitoring are recommended.

The injection is given deep into a large muscle (typically gluteal or deltoid) using aseptic technique, following the dosage prescribed by the prescriber.

Patients should be observed for signs of extrapyramidal symptoms, changes in heart rhythm (QT interval), blood pressure, and any emergence of neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Drugs that also prolong the QT interval, MAO inhibitors, and other strong dopamine antagonists should be avoided due to additive risks.

Yes, haloperidol can prolong the QT interval and may lead to arrhythmias, especially when combined with other QT‑prolonging agents.

Safety data are limited; haloperidol should only be used during pregnancy or lactation if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus or infant.

CYP3A4 inhibitors can increase haloperidol plasma concentrations, raising the risk of side effects; dose reduction or increased monitoring may be required.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare, life‑threatening reaction characterized by fever, muscle rigidity, autonomic instability, and altered mental status, and it can occur with haloperidol use.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

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Last updated:

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