Hydroxyzinum Hasco (Hydroxyzine Hydrochloride)

• Hydroxyzine is a first‑generation antihistamine that blocks peripheral H1 receptors, reducing allergic and related symptoms.
• Allergic skin reactions: reduces redness, swelling and itching caused by histamine release.
• Pruritus: alleviates intense itching associated with dermatologic conditions.
• Anxiety: provides short‑term relief of tension and nervousness.
• Pre‑operative sedation: calms patients before surgical procedures.
• Nausea and vomiting: diminishes acute episodes of nausea and vomiting.

• Hydroxyzine acts as a selective antagonist of peripheral histamine H1 receptors, preventing histamine‑mediated vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and sensory nerve activation. Its anticholinergic activity contributes to reduced secretions, while central nervous system penetration produces sedative and anxiolytic effects, supporting its use in pre‑operative settings and for symptom control.

Hydroxyzine may cause a range of adverse reactions, varying from mild to serious.

Common Side Effects

• Drowsiness: feeling of sleepiness or reduced alertness.
• Dry mouth: decreased salivation leading to a sticky sensation.
• Blurred vision: temporary difficulty focusing.
• Constipation: reduced bowel motility.
• Headache: mild to moderate head pain.
• Dizziness: sensation of light‑headedness.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Cardiac arrhythmia: irregular heart rhythm, potentially life‑threatening.
• Severe hypotension: marked drop in blood pressure.
• Seizures: convulsive episodes in susceptible individuals.
• Anaphylaxis: rapid, severe allergic reaction.
• QT prolongation: risk of ventricular tachycardia.
• Hepatic dysfunction: abnormal liver enzyme elevations.

• Hydroxyzine requires careful consideration in several clinical situations.
• Assess hepatic function: adjust use in patients with severe liver disease.
• Avoid in patients with known hypersensitivity: discontinue if allergic reaction occurs.
• Monitor elderly patients: increased sensitivity to sedative effects.
• Caution with concomitant CNS depressants: risk of excessive sedation.
• Evaluate cardiac risk: use cautiously in patients with known QT prolongation.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep in original packaging, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Hydroxyzine can interact with other medicines, altering its safety or effectiveness.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs): may cause severe hypotension and enhanced sedation.
• Central nervous system depressants (e.g., benzodiazepines, opioids): additive sedative effects.
• QT‑prolonging agents (e.g., certain antiarrhythmics): increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Antihypertensives: potential augmentation of blood‑pressure‑lowering effect.
• Anticholinergic drugs: heightened anticholinergic burden leading to dry mouth, constipation, or urinary retention.