Hyoscine Injection Bp Ethypharm (Hyoscine Hydrobromide)

Hyoscine Hydrobromide is an antimuscarinic agent used to manage conditions involving smooth‑muscle spasm and excessive secretions.

• Pre‑operative or post‑operative smooth‑muscle spasm: reduces gastrointestinal, biliary and urinary tract spasms.
• Surgical secretion control: decreases salivary, bronchial and gastric secretions during anesthesia.
• Abdominal pain from spasm: alleviates pain associated with intestinal colic.

• Hyoscine Hydrobromide acts as a competitive antagonist at muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1‑M5). By blocking these receptors, it inhibits parasympathetic stimulation of smooth muscle and exocrine glands, leading to reduced muscle contractility and decreased secretion production. This antagonism diminishes the tone of the gastrointestinal, biliary, urinary tracts and respiratory mucosa, providing antispasmodic and antisecretory effects.

Hyoscine Injection may cause a range of adverse reactions, varying from mild to severe.

Common Side Effects

• Dry mouth: reduced salivation leading to throat discomfort.
• Blurred vision: due to cycloplegia and pupil dilation.
• Tachycardia: increased heart rate without underlying arrhythmia.
• Urinary retention: difficulty initiating or maintaining voiding.
• Constipation: slowed gastrointestinal motility.
• Dizziness: light‑headed sensation, especially on standing.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Anaphylactic reaction: severe allergy with rash, swelling and respiratory compromise.
• Acute angle‑closure glaucoma: sudden eye pain and visual loss.
• Delirium or hallucinations: altered mental status, especially in elderly.
• Severe tachyarrhythmia: potentially life‑threatening rapid heart rhythms.
• Hypotension: marked drop in blood pressure causing faintness.

Before administering Hyoscine Injection, clinicians should evaluate patient risk factors and monitor for specific contraindications.

• Cardiac assessment: avoid in patients with tachyarrhythmias or severe heart block.
• Glaucoma caution: contraindicated in narrow‑angle glaucoma due to risk of acute closure.
• Urinary tract considerations: use with caution in patients with urinary retention or prostatic hypertrophy.
• Elderly monitoring: increased susceptibility to confusion, delirium and anticholinergic toxicity.
• Pregnancy and lactation: safety not established; prescribe only when benefit outweighs potential risk.
• Store at 2-8°C: keep refrigerated, protect from light, do not freeze or shake.

Hyoscine Hydrobromide can interact with other medications, altering its anticholinergic profile or enhancing adverse effects.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Other anticholinergics (e.g., atropine, scopolamine patches): additive anticholinergic burden.
• Tricyclic antidepressants: increased risk of severe anticholinergic side effects.
• Antihistamines with strong anticholinergic activity: heightened sedation and dry mouth.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Opioids: may potentiate sedation and respiratory depression.
• Alcohol: can exacerbate dizziness, confusion and hypotension.
• Diuretics: may worsen urinary retention.