Ibuprofen Chelonia Healthcare (Ibuprofen Bp)

Ibuprofen acts on the cyclo‑oxygenase pathway to provide analgesic, antipyretic and anti‑inflammatory effects.

• Mild to moderate pain: reduces discomfort from headaches, dental pain, musculoskeletal aches, and minor injuries.
• Fever: lowers elevated body temperature associated with viral or bacterial infections.
• Inflammation: diminishes swelling and stiffness in conditions such as osteoarthritis.
• Osteoarthritis: improves joint mobility and reduces pain during daily activities.
• Rheumatoid arthritis: helps control pain and swelling in affected joints.
• Dysmenorrhea: eases menstrual cramps and associated pelvic pain.

• Ibuprofen reversibly inhibits both cyclo‑oxygenase‑1 (COX‑1) and cyclo‑oxygenase‑2 (COX‑2) enzymes, decreasing the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. Reduced prostaglandin synthesis leads to lower inflammation, pain signalling, and fever generation at the site of tissue injury or infection.

Adverse reactions may occur with ibuprofen use and are categorized by frequency and severity.

Common Side Effects

• Gastrointestinal upset: nausea, dyspepsia, or mild abdominal pain.
• Headache: transient headache episodes.
• Dizziness: occasional light‑headedness.
• Rash: mild skin erythema or itching.
• Elevated blood pressure: modest increases in some patients.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Gastrointestinal bleeding or ulceration.
• Severe allergic reactions: angioedema, bronchospasm, or anaphylaxis.
• Renal impairment: acute kidney injury, especially with dehydration.
• Hepatotoxicity: elevated liver enzymes or hepatitis.
• Cardiovascular events: increased risk of myocardial infarction or stroke with high‑dose or prolonged use.

Before using ibuprofen, consider the following safety measures.

• Cardiovascular risk: avoid high‑dose or long‑term use in patients with heart disease.
• Gastrointestinal history: use cautiously if there is a history of ulcers or bleeding.
• Renal function: monitor kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease.
• Pregnancy: limit use to the second trimester; avoid in the third trimester.
• Concomitant medications: review all current drugs for potential interactions.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25 °C in the original container, protected from moisture and direct sunlight.

Ibuprofen may interact with other medicines, requiring attention to the level of risk.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): increased bleeding risk.
• High‑dose aspirin: heightened gastrointestinal toxicity.
• Selective COX‑2 inhibitors: additive renal and cardiovascular effects.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• ACE inhibitors or ARBs: possible reduction in antihypertensive efficacy.
• Diuretics: potential for reduced renal perfusion.
• Lithium: ibuprofen may raise lithium serum levels.
• Methotrexate: decreased clearance leading to toxicity.
• SSRIs or SNRIs: elevated risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.