Ibuprofeno (Arginina) Codramol (Ibuprofen)

Ibuprofen is an NSAID that reduces inflammation and pain by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.

• Mild to moderate pain: provides analgesic relief for headaches, dental pain, and musculoskeletal discomfort.
• Fever: lowers elevated body temperature associated with infections or inflammatory states.
• Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis: decreases joint inflammation and improves mobility.

• Ibuprofen exerts its effect by non‑selectively inhibiting cyclooxygenase‑1 (COX‑1) and cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑2) enzymes. This inhibition reduces the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins, thereby decreasing inflammation, pain signaling, and fever generation at the site of tissue injury or infection.

Ibuprofen may cause a range of adverse reactions, varying from mild to severe.

Common Side Effects

• Gastrointestinal discomfort: nausea, dyspepsia, or abdominal pain.
• Headache or dizziness.
• Mild skin rash or itching.
• Elevated blood pressure in some patients.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcer perforation.
• Acute renal impairment or failure.
• Severe hypersensitivity reactions such as anaphylaxis or Stevens‑Johnson syndrome.
• Hepatotoxicity presenting as jaundice or elevated liver enzymes.
• Cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction or stroke, particularly with high‑dose or prolonged use.

When using ibuprofen, several precautionary measures should be considered to minimize risk.

• Assess gastrointestinal risk: avoid in patients with active ulcers or a history of GI bleeding.
• Use the lowest effective dose: limit duration and dose to the minimum needed for symptom control.
• Monitor renal function: especially in patients with pre‑existing kidney disease or dehydration.
• Avoid in the third trimester of pregnancy: ibuprofen may affect fetal cardiovascular development.
• Take with food or milk: helps reduce stomach irritation.
• Store below 25°C: keep in the original packaging, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Ibuprofen can interact with other medicines, altering their effects or increasing toxicity.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): increased risk of serious bleeding.
• Other NSAIDs or aspirin: additive gastrointestinal toxicity.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• ACE inhibitors or ARBs: may reduce antihypertensive efficacy and affect kidney function.
• Diuretics: potential for reduced renal perfusion.
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): heightened bleeding risk.
• Lithium: ibuprofen can raise lithium serum concentrations.
• Methotrexate: may decrease renal clearance, increasing toxicity.