Ilaxten (Bilastine)

Bilastine acts on the histamine H1‑receptor pathway to control allergic manifestations.

• Allergic rhinitis: reduces nasal congestion, sneezing, itching and watery discharge.
• Seasonal allergic rhinitis: provides symptom relief during pollen exposure.
• Chronic idiopathic urticaria: alleviates hives and associated itching, improving quality of life.

• Bilastine selectively blocks peripheral H1‑histamine receptors, preventing histamine from binding to mast cell and basophil receptors. This inhibition stops the cascade that leads to vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, and sensory nerve activation, thereby reducing the classic signs of allergic inflammation such as itching, swelling, and rhinorrhea.

Bilastine is generally well tolerated, but adverse reactions can occur.

Common Side Effects

• Headache: mild to moderate intensity.
• Drowsiness: occasional sleepiness, especially at higher doses.
• Dry mouth: reduced salivation reported by some patients.
• Fatigue: feeling of reduced energy.
• Nausea: occasional gastrointestinal upset.
• Dizziness: transient light‑headedness.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Anaphylaxis: severe allergic reaction requiring immediate medical attention.
• Stevens‑Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis: rare severe skin eruptions.
• Angioedema: swelling of face, lips or tongue.
• Cardiac arrhythmia: extremely rare cardiac rhythm disturbances.
• Hepatic injury: isolated reports of liver enzyme elevation.
• Blood dyscrasias: rare cases of neutropenia or thrombocytopenia.

Bilastine should be used with attention to specific safety considerations.

• Renal impairment: dose adjustment may be required in patients with reduced kidney function.
• Hepatic impairment: use cautiously in moderate to severe liver disease.
• Known hypersensitivity: avoid in individuals with documented allergy to bilastine or excipients.
• Concomitant CNS depressants: monitor for additive sedation when combined with alcohol or sedative drugs.
• Pregnancy and lactation: safety not fully established; consult a healthcare professional before use.
• Store below 25°C: keep in the original pack, protect from moisture.

Bilastine may interact with other medicines that affect its absorption or transport.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Ketoconazole: strong P‑gp inhibitor that can increase bilastine plasma levels.
• Erythromycin: macrolide antibiotic that may raise bilastine exposure.
• Clarithromycin: similar effect as erythromycin on P‑gp transport.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Alcohol: may enhance drowsiness.
• Other antihistamines: additive sedation possible.
• CNS depressants (e.g., benzodiazepines): monitor for increased sedation.
• Fruit juices (e.g., grapefruit): can reduce oral absorption of bilastine.