Irbesartan + Hidroclorotiazida Tetrafarma (Hydrochlorothiazide, Irbesartan)

• Irbesartan/Hydrochlorothiazide is an antihypertensive medication that lowers elevated blood pressure through vascular relaxation and diuresis.
• Essential hypertension: reduces systolic and diastolic pressure in patients with primary high blood pressure.
• Secondary hypertension: assists in controlling blood pressure when the cause is identifiable, such as renal disease.
• Hypertension with fluid retention: provides combined vasodilatory and diuretic effects for patients needing volume reduction.

• Irbesartan selectively blocks the AT1 receptors, preventing angiotensin II‑mediated vasoconstriction, aldosterone release, and sympathetic activation. Hydrochlorothiazide inhibits sodium‑chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule, increasing urinary excretion of water and electrolytes, which lowers plasma volume. Together they achieve blood‑pressure reduction through vascular relaxation and decreased fluid volume.

Common Side Effects

• Dizziness or light‑headedness
• Headache
• Fatigue or weakness
• Increased urination
• Electrolyte disturbances (e.g., low potassium)
• Mild gastrointestinal discomfort

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Severe dehydration or electrolyte imbalance
• Acute kidney injury or worsening renal function
• Hyperkalemia
• Angioedema or severe allergic reaction
• Liver enzyme abnormalities
• Significant hypotension leading to syncope

Before initiating therapy, consider the following precautions:

• Monitor renal function: assess serum creatinine and eGFR prior to and during treatment.
• Check electrolytes: especially sodium and potassium levels, adjusting therapy as needed.
• Use with caution in severe hepatic impairment: dose adjustments may be required.
• Caution in diabetic patients: monitor blood glucose as diuretic effect may affect glycemic control.
• Pregnancy and lactation: safety not established; avoid unless clearly indicated.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25°C, protect from moisture and light.

Irbesartan/Hydrochlorothiazide may interact with several medicines.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Potassium‑sparing diuretics: risk of hyperkalemia.
• ACE inhibitors or aliskiren in pregnancy: increased fetal toxicity.
• Lithium: elevated lithium concentrations.
• NSAIDs: may blunt antihypertensive effect.
• Cyclosporine: may raise serum creatinine.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Beta‑blockers: additive blood‑pressure lowering.
• Antidiabetic agents: potential enhancement of hypoglycemia.
• Tricyclic antidepressants: may increase orthostatic hypotension.
• Alcohol: can exacerbate dizziness and hypotension.