Itami (Diclofenac Sodium)

Diclofenac Sodium is a topical NSAID that reduces inflammation and pain in musculoskeletal and soft‑tissue conditions.

• Osteoarthritis: reduces joint pain and stiffness in the affected area.
• Rheumatoid arthritis: alleviates localized joint discomfort and swelling.
• Acute muscle sprain: relieves pain and inflammation at the injury site.
• Tendinitis: decreases tenderness and improves mobility of the affected tendon.
• Post‑operative pain: provides topical analgesia after minor surgical procedures.
• Bruising: helps minimize discomfort associated with minor contusions.

• Diclofenac sodium works by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase‑1 and cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑1/COX‑2) enzymes, which are essential for converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandins. By lowering prostaglandin synthesis, the drug reduces inflammation, pain, and swelling at the site where it is applied, providing localized therapeutic effect with limited systemic absorption.

Common Side Effects

• Skin irritation: mild redness or burning at the application site.
• Itching: localized pruritus where the product is used.
• Dry skin: occasional dryness or flaking of the treated area.
• Rash: transient erythematous rash.
• Tingling sensation: brief tingling or pins‑and‑needles feeling.
• Mild swelling: slight edema of the skin.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Severe allergic reaction: angioedema or anaphylaxis requiring immediate medical care.
• Stevens‑Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis: rare but life‑threatening skin disorders.
• Ulceration at application site: deep skin breakdown.
• Systemic NSAID effects: gastrointestinal bleeding or ulceration.
• Liver enzyme elevation: abnormal hepatic function tests.
• Kidney function impact: reduced renal clearance in susceptible individuals.

Before using Itami, consider the following precautions:

• Avoid use on broken skin: apply only to intact epidermis.
• Limit duration: do not exceed 7 days of continuous use unless directed by a clinician.
• Do not use with other topical NSAIDs: avoid overlapping applications to prevent excess exposure.
• Monitor in renal or hepatic impairment: systemic absorption may be higher; use under medical supervision.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: consult a healthcare professional before use.
• Store at room temperature: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Diclofenac sodium may interact with several systemic medications.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Concurrent systemic NSAIDs: increased risk of systemic adverse effects.
• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, DOACs): heightened bleeding risk.
• Lithium: potential increase in lithium serum levels.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Methotrexate: possible additive toxicity.
• Corticosteroids: may increase skin thinning and local irritation.
• Diuretics: potential impact on renal function, especially in susceptible patients.