Product image of Janumet (Metformin Hydrochloride, Sitagliptin) supplied by GNH India

Janumet

Active Ingredient:
Metformin Hydrochloride, Sitagliptin
Origin:
EU

Janumet (Metformin Hydrochloride, Sitagliptin)

Metformin Hydrochloride and Sitagliptin, the active ingredient in Janumet, is a biguanide/DPP‑4 inhibitor presented as an oral tablet for oral use. It is indicated for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adult patients, helping to control blood glucose levels when combined with diet and exercise.

GNH India supplies Janumet as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Merck Sharp & Dohme B.V.

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Indications & Clinical Uses

Janumet is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose.

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus: improves glycemic control as part of combination therapy with diet and exercise.
  • Inadequate control on metformin alone: provides additional glucose lowering when added to existing metformin therapy.
  • Patients requiring dual‑mechanism therapy: combines insulin sensitization and incretin enhancement to reduce HbA1c.

How It Works

  • Metformin reduces hepatic gluconeogenesis and increases peripheral insulin sensitivity, while Sitagliptin selectively inhibits the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase‑4 (DPP‑4), leading to increased levels of incretin hormones (GLP‑1 and GIP). The elevated incretins enhance glucose‑dependent insulin secretion and suppress glucagon release, together producing a complementary reduction in blood glucose.

Side Effects

Janumet may cause a range of adverse reactions, which are categorized by frequency and severity.

Common Side Effects

  • Gastrointestinal upset: nausea, abdominal discomfort, or diarrhea.
  • Headache: mild to moderate intensity.
  • Upper respiratory tract infection: symptoms such as sore throat or nasal congestion.
  • Mild hypoglycemia: especially when used with sulfonylureas or insulin.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

  • Lactic acidosis: a rare but life‑threatening metabolic complication.
  • Pancreatitis: severe abdominal pain with elevated enzymes.
  • Severe hypoglycemia: marked confusion, loss of consciousness.
  • Allergic reactions: rash, angioedema, or anaphylaxis.
  • Hepatic dysfunction: jaundice or abnormal liver tests.

Precautions & Warnings

Before initiating Janumet, several safety considerations should be reviewed.

  • Renal function assessment: evaluate eGFR and avoid use in severe renal impairment.
  • Hepatic function monitoring: check liver enzymes periodically.
  • Risk of lactic acidosis: discontinue before any iodinated contrast procedures.
  • Use caution in elderly: dose adjustments may be required.
  • Avoid in pregnancy and lactation unless benefits outweigh risks.
  • Store at room temperature: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and heat.

Avoid Interactions

Janumet can interact with other medicines, affecting its efficacy or safety.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

  • Iodinated contrast agents: may precipitate metformin‑associated lactic acidosis; hold metformin before and after exposure.
  • Strong CYP2C8 inhibitors (e.g., gemfibrozil): increase sitagliptin plasma concentrations.
  • Insulin or sulfonylureas: heightened risk of hypoglycemia.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

  • Diuretics: may reduce renal clearance, necessitating renal function monitoring.
  • ACE inhibitors or ARBs: combined effect on renal function warrants observation.
  • Alcohol: can potentiate metformin‑related lactic acidosis.
  • Rifampin: may lower sitagliptin levels, reducing efficacy.

Frequently Asked Questions

Janumet is prescribed for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adult patients. It helps lower elevated blood glucose levels when used together with diet, exercise, and other antidiabetic measures, providing a dual mechanism that improves insulin sensitivity and enhances insulin secretion.

Metformin Hydrochloride decreases hepatic glucose production and increases peripheral insulin sensitivity. Sitagliptin inhibits the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase‑4 (DPP‑4), which raises incretin hormone levels, leading to glucose‑dependent insulin release and reduced glucagon secretion. The combination offers complementary glucose‑lowering effects.

The appropriate dose of Janumet is determined by the prescribing healthcare professional based on individual patient factors such as renal function, glycemic targets, and concomitant medications. Patients should follow the prescriber’s instructions and not adjust the dose without medical guidance.

Safety of Janumet in pregnancy and lactation has not been established. Generally, the drug is avoided unless the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus or infant. Women who are pregnant, planning pregnancy, or breastfeeding should discuss alternatives with their healthcare provider.

To order Janumet, submit an enquiry on the product page at gnhindia.com, specifying the required quantity. GNH India supplies hospitals, pharmacies and procurement teams worldwide, and will request verification of trade or institutional credentials. The team then replies with pricing, availability, shipping details and any required import documentation.

Compared with metformin alone, Janumet adds a DPP‑4 inhibitor, offering greater HbA1c reduction for patients who need additional glucose control. Relative to other DPP‑4 inhibitors, sitagliptin provides a well‑characterized safety profile and once‑daily dosing, while the combination simplifies therapy by merging two mechanisms into a single tablet.

Janumet tablets should be stored at room temperature, below 25 °C, in the original packaging to protect them from moisture and light. Keep the container tightly closed and out of reach of children. Do not store in bathrooms or near heat sources.

Janumet is taken orally, usually with the evening meal to improve gastrointestinal tolerance. The tablet should be swallowed whole with a glass of water and not crushed or chewed. Patients should follow the dosing schedule prescribed by their healthcare professional.

The most serious risks include lactic acidosis, a rare but potentially fatal metabolic disturbance, and pancreatitis, which presents as severe abdominal pain. Severe hypoglycemia can also occur, especially when combined with insulin or sulfonylureas. Prompt medical attention is required if any of these symptoms develop.

Janumet is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²), known hypersensitivity to metformin, sitagliptin, or any component of the tablet, and in individuals with a history of lactic acidosis. It should also be avoided in patients with acute or chronic metabolic acidosis.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated:

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