Product image of Januvia (Sitagliptin) supplied by GNH India

Januvia

Active Ingredient:
Sitagliptin
Origin:
EU

Januvia (Sitagliptin)

Sitagliptin, the active ingredient in Januvia, is a DPP‑4 inhibitor presented as an oral tablet for oral use. It is prescribed to improve glycaemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, often as part of a comprehensive diabetes management plan. It works by enhancing the body's natural incretin system, thereby increasing insulin secretion in response to meals.

GNH India supplies Januvia as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide, adhering to stringent quality standards and regulatory requirements across multiple markets.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Merck Sharp & Dohme B.V.

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Indications & Clinical Uses

  • Sitagliptin is a DPP‑4 inhibitor used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (monotherapy): lowers fasting and post‑prandial glucose levels.
  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (combination therapy): used with metformin or other agents to achieve target HbA1c.
  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus (adjunct to lifestyle): supports diet and exercise in glycaemic management.

How It Works

  • Sitagliptin selectively inhibits the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase‑4 (DPP‑4), which results in increased circulating levels of the incretin hormones GLP‑1 and GIP. Elevated incretins enhance glucose‑dependent insulin secretion from pancreatic β‑cells and suppress glucagon release from α‑cells, thereby improving post‑prandial and overall blood glucose control.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects

  • Nasopharyngitis: mild inflammation of the nasal passages and throat.
  • Headache: transient cranial pain of varying intensity.
  • Upper respiratory tract infection: symptoms such as cough and sore throat.
  • Nausea: occasional feeling of stomach upset.
  • Diarrhea: loose stools that may be self‑limiting.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

  • Pancreatitis: severe abdominal pain requiring immediate medical attention.
  • Severe allergic reactions: rash, angioedema, or anaphylaxis.
  • Joint pain: unexplained arthralgia that may be persistent.
  • Hypoglycaemia (when combined with insulin or sulfonylureas): low blood glucose episodes.
  • Elevated liver enzymes: potential hepatic involvement requiring monitoring.

Precautions & Warnings

Before initiating therapy, consider the following precautions:

  • Assess renal function: dose may need adjustment in patients with renal impairment.
  • Monitor for pancreatitis: discontinue if severe abdominal pain occurs.
  • Evaluate for hypersensitivity: stop treatment if rash, angioedema, or other allergic signs develop.
  • Review cardiovascular status: no specific contraindication, but monitor patients with existing heart disease.
  • Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25 °C, protect from moisture and light in the original packaging.

Avoid Interactions

Sitagliptin may interact with several medicines; awareness of the following is important.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

  • Strong CYP2C8 inhibitors: may increase sitagliptin exposure.
  • Concomitant insulin or sulfonylureas: heightened risk of hypoglycaemia.
  • GLP‑1 receptor agonists: may amplify gastrointestinal adverse effects.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

  • Diuretics: potential impact on glucose control.
  • Rifampin: may reduce sitagliptin plasma concentrations.
  • ACE inhibitors: monitor renal function when used together.

Frequently Asked Questions

Januvia, containing the active ingredient sitagliptin, is prescribed to improve blood‑sugar control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is used as part of a broader treatment plan that includes diet, exercise, and possibly other antidiabetic medicines.

Sitagliptin works by selectively blocking the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase‑4 (DPP‑4). This inhibition raises levels of the incretin hormones GLP‑1 and GIP, which increase insulin release after meals and reduce glucagon secretion, helping to lower blood glucose.

The dosage of Januvia is individualized and set by the prescribing healthcare professional based on the patient’s renal function, glycaemic targets, and any concomitant therapies. Patients should follow the prescriber’s instructions and not adjust the dose on their own.

Safety of sitagliptin in pregnancy and lactation has not been definitively established. It should only be used if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus or infant, and the decision must be made by a qualified healthcare provider.

To place an order, submit an enquiry on the Januvia product page at gnhindia.com, specifying the required quantity. GNH India works with hospitals, pharmacies, and procurement teams worldwide, verifies trade or institutional credentials, and then provides pricing, availability, shipping details and any necessary import documentation.

Januvia belongs to the DPP‑4 inhibitor class, which differs from metformin (a biguanide) and sulfonylureas. DPP‑4 inhibitors generally have a low risk of hypoglycaemia when used alone and are weight‑neutral, whereas metformin improves insulin sensitivity and sulfonylureas increase insulin secretion but may cause weight gain.

Store Januvia tablets at ambient temperature, preferably below 25 °C. Keep the product in its original container, protect it from moisture and direct light, and ensure the packaging remains tightly closed until use.

Januvia is taken orally, usually once daily, with or without food. The tablet should be swallowed whole with a glass of water and not crushed or chewed unless otherwise directed by a healthcare professional.

Serious adverse events to monitor include pancreatitis (characterised by severe abdominal pain), severe allergic reactions such as anaphylaxis, and hypoglycaemia when combined with insulin or sulfonylureas. Prompt medical evaluation is required if any of these symptoms arise.

Januvia should be avoided in patients with a known hypersensitivity to sitagliptin or any component of the formulation. Caution is also advised for individuals with severe renal impairment, as dose adjustments may be required, and for those with a history of pancreatitis.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated:

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