Kartesada (Pregabalin)

Pregabalin is used to treat several neurological and pain‑related conditions by modulating calcium channel activity.

• Diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain: reduces pain intensity and improves functional outcomes.
• Postherpetic neuralgia: alleviates burning and stabbing pain after shingles.
• Fibromyalgia: decreases widespread musculoskeletal pain and fatigue.
• Partial onset seizures: helps control focal seizure activity.
• Generalized anxiety disorder: lessens excessive worry and tension.

• Pregabalin binds selectively to the α2‑δ subunit of voltage‑gated calcium channels in the central nervous system. This binding reduces calcium influx into presynaptic neurons, which in turn diminishes the release of excitatory neurotransmitters such as glutamate, norepinephrine, and substance P, leading to decreased neuronal hyperexcitability and pain signaling.

Common Side Effects

• Dizziness: sensation of light‑headedness or unsteadiness.
• Somnolence: increased sleepiness or fatigue.
• Peripheral edema: swelling of the lower limbs.
• Weight gain: gradual increase in body weight.
• Blurred vision: temporary visual disturbances.
• Dry mouth: reduced salivation.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Angioedema: rapid swelling of face, lips, or throat.
• Severe rash or Stevens‑Johnson syndrome: extensive skin reactions.
• Suicidal thoughts or behavior: emergence of depressive symptoms.
• Respiratory depression: slowed breathing, especially with CNS depressants.
• Hypersensitivity reactions: anaphylaxis or severe allergic response.
• Blood dyscrasias: rare cases of leukopenia or thrombocytopenia.

Pregabalin requires careful clinical monitoring to ensure safe use.

• Assess renal function: dose may need adjustment in patients with impaired clearance.
• Monitor mood changes: watch for depression, anxiety escalation, or suicidal ideation.
• Avoid abrupt discontinuation: taper gradually to prevent withdrawal symptoms.
• Use caution in elderly: increased sensitivity to central nervous system effects.
• Pregnancy and lactation: risk unknown; prescribe only if benefit outweighs potential risk.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and light.

Pregabalin can interact with other medicines, affecting safety and efficacy.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Opioids: additive central nervous system depression may cause profound sedation.
• Alcohol: combined use can increase drowsiness and impair coordination.
• ACE inhibitors: may raise the risk of angioedema.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Diuretics: may exacerbate peripheral edema.
• Antihypertensives: potential for enhanced hypotensive effect.
• Other antiepileptics: may alter seizure control or increase side‑effect burden.