Kelzy (Dienogest, Ethinylestradiol | Lactose)

Kelzy, a combined oral contraceptive, is used to prevent pregnancy by inhibiting ovulation and altering cervical mucus.

• Pregnancy prevention: provides reliable contraception for women of childbearing age.
• Menstrual cycle regulation: helps achieve more regular and predictable menstrual bleeding.
• Acne management: may improve acne associated with hormonal fluctuations.

• Dienogest and ethinylestradiol act on the hypothalamic‑pituitary‑ovarian axis to suppress the mid‑cycle surge of luteinizing hormone, thereby preventing ovulation. The estrogen component stabilises the endometrial lining, while the progestogen induces cervical mucus changes that impede sperm penetration and creates an endometrial environment unfavorable for implantation.

Kelzy may cause a range of adverse reactions, most of which are mild and transient.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: mild stomach upset, often resolves with continued use.
• Breast tenderness: temporary swelling or discomfort.
• Headache: mild to moderate intensity.
• Spotting or breakthrough bleeding: irregular bleeding between periods.
• Weight gain: modest increase in body weight.
• Mood changes: irritability or mild mood swings.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Deep vein thrombosis: blood clot formation in the legs.
• Pulmonary embolism: clot migration to the lungs.
• Stroke: interruption of cerebral blood flow.
• Myocardial infarction: heart attack risk, especially in smokers.
• Severe allergic reaction: rash, swelling, or anaphylaxis.
• Liver dysfunction: abnormal liver enzymes or jaundice.

Before prescribing Kelzy, clinicians should evaluate individual risk factors and counsel patients on safe use.

• Assess thrombotic risk: review history of clotting disorders or prolonged immobilisation.
• Evaluate cardiovascular status: consider hypertension, smoking, or lipid abnormalities.
• Screen for liver disease: avoid use in active hepatic impairment.
• Counsel on medication adherence: missing tablets can reduce efficacy.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25°C in the original packaging, protect from moisture.

Kelzy can interact with several medicines that alter hormone metabolism or increase clotting risk.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Enzyme‑inducing anticonvulsants (e.g., carbamazepine): reduce contraceptive effectiveness.
• Rifampicin or other strong inducers: lower plasma hormone levels.
• St. John’s wort: may diminish contraceptive protection.
• Certain antiretrovirals (e.g., protease inhibitors): unpredictable hormone levels.
• Antifungal agents (e.g., ketoconazole) at high doses: may increase hormone concentrations.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Macrolide antibiotics (e.g., erythromycin): may slightly raise hormone levels.
• Diuretics: can affect fluid balance and blood pressure.
• Antidepressants (SSRIs): monitor for mood changes and bleeding patterns.