Keplat (Ketoprofen)

• Ketoprofen is an NSAID that reduces inflammation and pain in musculoskeletal disorders.
• Mild to moderate pain: Provides analgesic relief by decreasing prostaglandin‑mediated nociception.
• Inflammatory musculoskeletal conditions: Diminishes swelling and improves joint mobility through COX inhibition.
• Arthritis: Alleviates chronic joint discomfort and stiffness associated with osteo‑ and rheumatoid arthritis.

• Ketoprofen non‑selectively inhibits cyclooxygenase‑1 and cyclooxygenase‑2 enzymes, leading to reduced synthesis of prostaglandins that mediate inflammation, pain, and fever. The lowered prostaglandin levels result in decreased vascular permeability, edema, and sensitization of nociceptors, producing its analgesic and anti‑inflammatory effects when applied transdermally.

Ketoprofen may cause a range of adverse reactions, from mild skin irritation to rare systemic events.

Common Side Effects

• Local skin irritation: redness, itching, or burning at the application site.
• Headache: mild to moderate intensity.
• Gastrointestinal discomfort: nausea or dyspepsia.
• Dizziness: transient light‑headedness.
• Pruritus: generalized itching.
• Mild edema: localized swelling.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Severe cutaneous reactions: Stevens‑Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis.
• Hepatic injury: elevated liver enzymes or hepatitis.
• Renal impairment: reduced kidney function or acute renal failure.
• Cardiovascular events: increased risk of myocardial infarction or stroke.
• Gastrointestinal ulceration or bleeding.
• Anaphylaxis: systemic allergic reaction with respiratory distress.

• When using Keplat, consider the following safety measures.
• Assess renal function: monitor in patients with existing kidney disease.
• Evaluate hepatic status: use cautiously in individuals with liver impairment.
• Avoid in known hypersensitivity: contraindicated for patients allergic to ketoprofen or other NSAIDs.
• Limit use in cardiovascular disease: weigh thrombotic risk in patients with heart conditions.
• Use with caution in pregnancy: safety not established, avoid unless clearly needed.
• Store at room temperature: keep in the original packaging, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Ketoprofen can interact with several drug classes; monitoring is essential.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): increased bleeding risk.
• Other NSAIDs or aspirin: heightened gastrointestinal toxicity.
• Corticosteroids: additive ulcerogenic effect.
• ACE inhibitors or ARBs: potential reduction in renal function.
• Lithium: elevated serum lithium levels.
• Methotrexate: reduced clearance leading to toxicity.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): modest increase in bleeding.
• Diuretics: possible renal function alteration.
• Antihypertensives: may blunt blood pressure control.
• Digoxin: potential for increased serum concentrations.
• Oral hypoglycemics: may affect glucose control.