Product image of Keppra (Levetiracetam) supplied by GNH India

Keppra

Active Ingredient:
Levetiracetam
Origin:
EU

Keppra (Levetiracetam)

Levetiracetam, the active ingredient in Keppra, is a pyrrolidine derivative presented as an injectable solution for intravenous use. It belongs to the antiepileptic therapeutic class and is used to treat partial‑onset, myoclonic, and primary generalized tonic‑clonic seizures in patients with epilepsy.

GNH India supplies Keppra as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide, ensuring consistent quality and regulatory compliance across markets. The company adheres to EU Good Manufacturing Practice and provides reliable logistics for global distribution.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Ucb Pharma S.A.

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Indications & Clinical Uses

Levetiracetam is an antiepileptic medication that reduces abnormal neuronal firing in the brain.

  • Partial‑onset seizures: decreases frequency and severity of focal seizure episodes.
  • Myoclonic seizures: reduces the occurrence of sudden muscle jerks.
  • Primary generalized tonic‑clonic seizures: helps prevent full‑body convulsive seizures.

How It Works

  • Levetiracetam binds selectively to the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a key regulator of neurotransmitter release. This interaction modulates vesicle exocytosis, leading to reduced release of excitatory neurotransmitters and stabilization of neuronal membranes. By dampening synaptic transmission, the drug lowers neuronal hyperexcitability that underlies seizure generation. The precise binding does not affect major ion channels, making its action relatively specific to the SV2A pathway and contributing to its broad efficacy across seizure types.

Side Effects

Levetiracetam may be associated with a range of adverse reactions, varying from mild to serious.

Common Side Effects

  • Fatigue: feeling unusually tired or weak.
  • Dizziness: light‑headed sensation or loss of balance.
  • Somnolence: increased sleepiness during the day.
  • Headache: mild to moderate cranial pain.
  • Irritability: mood changes or increased agitation.
  • Nausea: upset stomach or urge to vomit.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

  • Severe allergic reaction: rash, swelling, or anaphylaxis.
  • Stevens‑Johnson syndrome: serious skin blistering condition.
  • Suicidal thoughts: new or worsening depression or suicidal ideation.
  • Severe depression: marked mood disturbances requiring medical attention.
  • Blood dyscrasias: rare cases of low blood cell counts.
  • Respiratory depression: difficulty breathing in rare cases.

Precautions & Warnings

When using levetiracetam, certain precautions should be observed to ensure safety and optimal therapy.

  • Renal impairment: assess kidney function and adjust therapy as needed.
  • Pregnancy: category B; use only if potential benefit justifies potential risk.
  • Psychiatric symptoms: monitor for mood changes, depression, or suicidal ideation.
  • Hepatic function: evaluate liver enzymes periodically.
  • Concomitant CNS depressants: use with caution due to additive sedation.
  • Store at 2-8°C: keep refrigerated, protect from light, do not freeze or shake.

Avoid Interactions

Levetiracetam can interact with other medicines, influencing its effectiveness or safety.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

  • Enzyme‑inducing antiepileptics (e.g., carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital): may lower levetiracetam plasma levels.
  • Strong CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampicin): can reduce drug exposure.
  • Ritonavir: may increase levetiracetam concentrations leading to toxicity.
  • Other CNS depressants (e.g., opioids, benzodiazepines): risk of excessive sedation.
  • Alcohol: can potentiate central nervous system effects.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

  • Valproate: may increase levetiracetam levels; monitor clinical response.
  • Lamotrigine: combined use may heighten skin rash risk.
  • NSAIDs: possible increase in adverse CNS effects.
  • Antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs): watch for mood alterations.
  • Oral contraceptives: may slightly reduce levetiracetam efficacy; monitor seizure control.

Frequently Asked Questions

Keppra (levetiracetam) is prescribed to manage several types of epilepsy. It is indicated for partial‑onset seizures, myoclonic seizures, and primary generalized tonic‑clonic seizures, helping to reduce the frequency and severity of seizure episodes in patients diagnosed with epilepsy.

Levetiracetam works by binding selectively to the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, which plays a key role in regulating neurotransmitter release. This binding modulates vesicle exocytosis, decreasing the release of excitatory neurotransmitters and stabilising neuronal membranes, thereby lowering the neuronal hyperexcitability that triggers seizures.

The appropriate dose of Keppra is determined individually by a qualified prescriber based on the patient’s age, weight, renal function, and specific seizure type. Healthcare professionals tailor the dosing regimen to achieve optimal seizure control while minimizing potential side effects.

Levetiracetam is classified as Pregnancy Category B, indicating that animal studies have not shown risk to the fetus, but there are limited human data. It may be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies any potential risk. Limited data suggest it is excreted in breast milk; breastfeeding decisions should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider.

To order Keppra, visit the product page on gnhindia.com, submit an enquiry with the required quantity, and provide your institutional or trade credentials. GNH India supplies hospitals, pharmacies, and procurement teams worldwide, then replies with pricing, availability, shipping details (including cold‑chain handling if required), and the necessary import documentation.

Compared with older agents such as carbamazepine or valproate, levetiracetam has a distinct mechanism (SV2A binding) and a relatively favourable drug‑interaction profile. It does not induce hepatic enzymes, reducing the likelihood of altering the levels of concomitant medications. However, individual response varies, and clinicians consider seizure type, tolerability, and comorbidities when selecting therapy.

Keppra injectable solution should be stored at 2‑8 °C (refrigerated). Keep the vial in its original packaging, protect it from light, and avoid freezing or shaking the product. If the solution reaches room temperature, it may be used within the time frame specified in the product labeling.

Keppra is supplied as an injectable solution for intravenous administration. It can be given as a slow IV infusion or bolus injection, according to the prescribing information. The route ensures rapid systemic exposure, which is useful for patients who cannot take oral medications or require immediate seizure control.

Serious adverse reactions, although uncommon, include severe allergic responses such as anaphylaxis, Stevens‑Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis, and significant psychiatric effects like new‑onset depression, suicidal ideation, or severe mood changes. Rare hematologic abnormalities and respiratory depression have also been reported. Prompt medical evaluation is essential if any of these events occur.

Keppra is contraindicated in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to levetiracetam or any component of the formulation. Caution is advised for patients with severe renal impairment, as dose adjustments may be required. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should only use it when clearly indicated by a healthcare professional, weighing potential benefits against risks.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated:

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