Product image of Ketalar (Ketamine) supplied by GNH India

Ketalar

Active Ingredient:
Ketamine
Origin:
EU

Ketalar (Ketamine)

Ketamine, the active ingredient in Ketalar, is an NMDA receptor antagonist presented as a sterile injectable solution for intramuscular and intravenous use. It provides dissociative anesthesia and analgesia, and is employed in the induction of general anesthesia, procedural sedation, and management of refractory pain in adult patients.

GNH India supplies Ketalar as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, transplant centres, oncology centres, pharmacies and clinics worldwide. The company adheres to strict quality standards and provides regulatory documentation for global distribution.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Pfizer S.A.

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Indications & Clinical Uses

Ketamine acts as a dissociative anesthetic affecting the NMDA receptor pathway, and is indicated for several clinical situations.

  • Induction of general anesthesia: provides rapid onset dissociative anesthesia facilitating endotracheal intubation and surgical anesthesia.
  • Procedural sedation: produces profound sedation and analgesia for short‑duration diagnostic or therapeutic procedures where airway protection is maintained.
  • Analgesia for refractory pain: offers analgesic effect in patients with severe, treatment‑resistant pain, often as an adjunct to other analgesics.

How It Works

  • Ketamine binds non‑competitively to the phencyclidine (PCP) site of the NMDA receptor, blocking calcium influx and reducing excitatory glutamatergic transmission. This inhibition produces dissociative anesthesia, analgesia, and sympathomimetic effects. The drug is metabolized primarily by hepatic CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 to norketamine, which retains partial activity.

Side Effects

Ketamine may cause a range of adverse reactions that vary in frequency and severity.

Common Side Effects

  • Emergence delirium or vivid dreams
  • Hypertension or tachycardia
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Dizziness or visual disturbances
  • Salivation increase

Serious or Rare Side Effects

  • Respiratory depression or airway obstruction
  • Severe hypertension or arrhythmia
  • Psychomimetic reactions (hallucinations, agitation)
  • Urinary tract toxicity with prolonged use
  • Hepatic enzyme elevation

Precautions & Warnings

Ketamine requires careful monitoring and specific safety measures before and during administration.

  • Cardiovascular monitoring: observe blood pressure and heart rate due to possible hypertension and tachycardia.
  • Airway assessment: ensure readiness for airway support because of risk of laryngospasm or respiratory depression.
  • Psychiatric history: use caution in patients with schizophrenia or severe anxiety disorders.
  • Concomitant CNS depressants: avoid or adjust doses when combined with opioids, benzodiazepines, or alcohol.
  • Pregnancy and lactation: consider risk‑benefit ratio; use only if clearly needed.
  • Store at ambient temperature: keep in original container, protect from moisture and light.

Avoid Interactions

Ketamine can interact with other medicines, altering its effects or safety profile. Major Interactions (Avoid):\n- Concurrent use with other NMDA antagonists (e.g., dextromethorphan) may increase neurotoxicity.

  • MAO inhibitors: risk of hypertensive crisis.
  • Potent CYP2B6 or CYP3A4 inducers (e.g., rifampin) may reduce therapeutic levels.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

  • CNS depressants (opioids, benzodiazepines): may enhance sedation and respiratory depression.
  • Sympathomimetic agents (e.g., epinephrine): may exacerbate hypertension.
  • Anticholinergic drugs: may increase salivation or airway secretions.

Frequently Asked Questions

Ketalar contains ketamine and is used by healthcare professionals for the induction of general anesthesia, procedural sedation, and as an analgesic option in patients with severe, treatment‑resistant pain. It is administered by intramuscular or intravenous injection under controlled clinical settings.

Ketamine works by non‑competitively blocking the NMDA receptor at the PCP binding site, which reduces excitatory neurotransmission in the central nervous system. This blockade leads to dissociative anesthesia, analgesia, and sympathomimetic effects, while its metabolites retain partial activity.

The dose of Ketalar is determined by the prescribing clinician based on the patient’s age, weight, clinical condition, and the intended use (e.g., induction, sedation, or analgesia). Dosing guidelines are provided in the product’s prescribing information and should be followed by qualified healthcare providers.

Safety of ketamine in pregnancy or lactation has not been definitively established. It should only be used when the potential benefit justifies any potential risk to the fetus or infant, and the decision must be made by the treating physician.

To request Ketalar, submit an enquiry on the product page at gnhindia.com, specifying the required quantity. GNH India works with hospitals, pharmacies and procurement teams worldwide, verifies trade or institutional credentials, and then provides pricing, availability, shipping details (including cold‑chain if needed) and necessary import documentation.

Ketalar (ketamine) differs from many inhalational or opioid‑based anesthetics because it provides dissociative anesthesia while preserving airway reflexes and stimulating cardiovascular function. This makes it useful in trauma or emergency settings, whereas agents like propofol may cause hypotension and require more intensive airway management.

Ketalar should be stored at ambient temperature, below 25 °C, in its original packaging. Protect the product from moisture, direct sunlight, and extreme temperatures. Do not freeze. Follow any additional handling instructions provided by the supplier.

Ketalar is supplied as a sterile injectable solution and is administered by a qualified healthcare professional either intramuscularly or intravenously. The route, rate of injection, and monitoring depend on the clinical indication and patient condition.

Serious risks include respiratory depression, airway obstruction, severe hypertension or arrhythmias, and psychomimetic reactions such as hallucinations or agitation. Continuous monitoring of respiratory and cardiovascular status is essential during and after administration.

Ketalar is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to ketamine or any component of the formulation, and it should be used with extreme caution—or avoided—in individuals with uncontrolled hypertension, severe coronary artery disease, or a history of psychotic disorders.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated:

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