Ketanov (Ketorolac Trometamol)

Ketanov is an NSAID that acts on the cyclooxygenase pathway to alleviate acute pain conditions.

• Postoperative pain: provides short‑term relief of moderate to severe pain following surgical procedures.
• Acute musculoskeletal pain: reduces pain intensity associated with sprains, strains, or fractures.
• Renal colic: alleviates severe flank pain caused by kidney stones.

• Ketorolac trometamol non‑selectively inhibits cyclooxygenase‑1 and cyclooxygenase‑2 enzymes, leading to decreased conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. The reduction in prostaglandin synthesis diminishes inflammation, nociceptor sensitization, and fever, thereby producing analgesic and antipyretic effects.

Ketanov may cause a range of adverse reactions, from mild to severe.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: mild to moderate upset stomach.
• Headache: transient cranial discomfort.
• Dizziness: occasional light‑headedness.
• Injection site pain: local discomfort at the administration site.
• Gastrointestinal discomfort: dyspepsia or mild abdominal pain.
• Transient renal function changes: slight increase in serum creatinine.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Gastrointestinal bleeding or ulcer perforation.
• Severe renal impairment or acute kidney injury.
• Anaphylaxis: life‑threatening allergic reaction.
• Cardiovascular thrombotic events: myocardial infarction or stroke.
• Severe skin reactions: Stevens‑Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis.
• Hepatotoxicity: marked elevation of liver enzymes.

Before prescribing Ketanov, clinicians should consider several safety factors.

• Renal function: assess baseline kidney status and avoid in severe impairment.
• Bleeding risk: avoid in patients with active gastrointestinal bleeding or coagulopathy.
• Cardiovascular disease: use cautiously in patients with coronary artery disease or recent thrombotic events.
• Pregnancy: avoid in the third trimester and use only if benefits outweigh risks.
• Concomitant NSAIDs: do not combine with other NSAIDs or COX‑2 inhibitors to limit additive toxicity.
• Store at 2‑8°C: keep refrigerated, protect from light, do not freeze or shake the vial.

Ketanov can interact with several drug classes, requiring attention to avoid adverse outcomes.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): increased risk of serious bleeding.
• Other NSAIDs or COX‑2 inhibitors: additive gastrointestinal toxicity.
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): heightened bleeding tendency.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• ACE inhibitors or ARBs: may reduce renal perfusion, especially in volume‑depleted patients.
• Diuretics: potential for worsening renal function.
• Lithium: ketorolac can raise serum lithium concentrations, necessitating monitoring.