Ketospray (Ketoprofen)

Ketoprofen acts locally on inflammatory pathways to provide analgesic and anti‑inflammatory effects for several musculoskeletal conditions.

• Musculoskeletal pain: reduces pain intensity in strained muscles and joints.
• Tendinitis and bursitis: diminishes inflammation and improves mobility.
• Sprains and strains: alleviates swelling and discomfort after minor injuries.
• Osteoarthritis of superficial joints: provides topical relief of pain and stiffness.

• Ketoprofen inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX‑1 and COX‑2) enzymes in peripheral tissues, leading to decreased synthesis of prostaglandins that mediate pain, fever, and inflammation. By limiting prostaglandin production at the site of application, the drug reduces vascular permeability, edema, and nociceptor sensitisation, resulting in localized analgesic and anti‑inflammatory effects.

Ketoprofen spray may cause local and systemic adverse reactions, most of which are mild and reversible.

Common Side Effects

• Skin irritation: mild burning or stinging at the application site.
• Redness: localized erythema.
• Itching: pruritus around the treated area.
• Dryness: transient dryness of the skin.
• Rash: mild maculopapular eruption.
• Swelling: slight edema at the site of use.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Allergic reactions: urticaria, angio‑edema, or anaphylaxis.
• Severe skin disorders: Stevens‑Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis.
• Systemic NSAID effects: gastrointestinal ulceration or bleeding.
• Renal impairment: reduced kidney function with prolonged use.
• Hepatic dysfunction: elevated liver enzymes or hepatitis.
• Blood disorders: thrombocytopenia or leukopenia.

When using Ketospray, consider the following safety measures.

• Hypersensitivity: avoid if the patient has known allergy to ketoprofen or other NSAIDs.
• Gastrointestinal risk: do not use in patients with active peptic ulcer disease or severe GI bleeding.
• Renal or hepatic impairment: use with caution and monitor function.
• Concomitant NSAIDs: avoid simultaneous use with other topical or systemic NSAIDs to reduce toxicity.
• Pregnancy and lactation: use only if the prescriber determines potential benefits outweigh risks.
• Store at room temperature: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Ketoprofen may interact with several medicines; some combinations should be avoided while others require monitoring.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): increased risk of bleeding.
• Other NSAIDs or COX‑2 inhibitors: additive gastrointestinal and renal toxicity.
• Corticosteroids: heightened risk of ulceration and bleeding.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Diuretics (e.g., furosemide): may reduce renal perfusion; monitor kidney function.
• Lithium: NSAIDs can raise lithium levels; check serum concentrations.
• Methotrexate: reduced clearance may increase toxicity; monitor hepatic and renal parameters.