Knavon Forte (Ketoprofen)

Ketoprofen is an NSAID that reduces inflammation and pain in several musculoskeletal and gynecologic conditions.

• Mild to moderate pain: provides analgesia for acute or chronic discomfort.
• Rheumatoid arthritis: decreases joint inflammation and swelling.
• Osteoarthritis: alleviates chronic joint pain and improves function.
• Musculoskeletal injuries: reduces inflammation and facilitates mobility.
• Dysmenorrhea: relieves menstrual cramps and associated pain.

• Ketoprofen exerts its effect by non‑selectively inhibiting cyclooxygenase‑1 (COX‑1) and cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑2) enzymes, which blocks the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. The resulting decrease in prostaglandin synthesis leads to reduced inflammation, pain perception, and fever response.

Ketoprofen may cause a range of adverse reactions, most of which are dose‑related and reversible.

Common Side Effects

• Gastrointestinal upset: nausea, dyspepsia, or abdominal pain.
• Headache or dizziness.
• Mild skin rash or pruritus.
• Elevated blood pressure in susceptible individuals.
• Transient renal function changes.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Gastrointestinal ulceration or bleeding.
• Severe hypersensitivity reactions, including Stevens‑Johnson syndrome.
• Hepatotoxicity or marked liver enzyme elevation.
• Renal impairment or acute kidney injury.
• Cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction or stroke.

Ketoprofen should be used with caution in specific clinical situations.

• Cardiovascular risk: avoid in patients with recent myocardial infarction or uncontrolled hypertension.
• Gastrointestinal safety: assess history of ulcers or bleeding before initiating therapy.
• Renal function: monitor creatinine in patients with chronic kidney disease.
• Pregnancy and lactation: use only if clearly needed and after professional assessment.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25°C in the original packaging, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Ketoprofen can interact with several drug classes, requiring attention to avoid adverse outcomes.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): increased risk of serious bleeding.
• Other NSAIDs or COX‑2 inhibitors: heightened gastrointestinal toxicity.
• High‑dose aspirin: additive renal and gastric effects.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• ACE inhibitors or ARBs: may reduce renal perfusion, monitor kidney function.
• Diuretics: potential for reduced antihypertensive effect.
• Lithium: NSAIDs can raise lithium levels, requiring serum monitoring.