Kortifarm (Hydrocortisone)

Kortifarm, a glucocorticoid, is used to manage disorders where inflammation or cortisol deficiency is central.

• Adrenal insufficiency (e.g., Addison's disease): restores physiologic cortisol levels and prevents adrenal crisis.
• Inflammatory and autoimmune disorders (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, lupus): reduces tissue inflammation and modulates immune activity to alleviate symptoms.
• Severe allergic reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis adjunct therapy): suppresses systemic allergic response and limits progression of life‑threatening symptoms.

• Hydrocortisone binds to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors, forming a complex that translocates to the nucleus and regulates gene transcription. This interaction up‑regulates anti‑inflammatory proteins while down‑regulating pro‑inflammatory cytokines, leading to reduced leukocyte infiltration, decreased capillary permeability, and overall immunosuppression.

Hydrocortisone may cause a range of adverse reactions, from mild to serious.

Common Side Effects

• Increased appetite and weight gain
• Insomnia or sleep disturbances
• Mild hyperglycemia or elevated blood sugar
• Gastrointestinal discomfort or nausea
• Mood swings or irritability

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Adrenal insufficiency on abrupt discontinuation
• Severe infections due to immunosuppression
• Hypertension and fluid retention
• Electrolyte imbalances such as hypokalemia
• Psychosis or severe mood disorders

When prescribing Kortifarm, clinicians should consider several safety measures.

• Monitor blood glucose: watch for hyperglycemia, especially in diabetic patients.
• Assess for infection: avoid use in active systemic infections.
• Taper dosage when stopping: prevent adrenal crisis by gradual reduction.
• Use caution in hypertension: monitor blood pressure regularly.
• Avoid concomitant systemic antifungal therapy unless necessary.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep in the original container, protect from moisture.

Hydrocortisone can interact with other medicines, altering efficacy or safety.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole): increase hydrocortisone exposure.
• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): may enhance anticoagulant effect.
• Live vaccines: risk of uncontrolled infection due to immunosuppression.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Antidiabetic agents: may require dose adjustment for blood‑glucose control.
• Antihypertensives: possible reduction in blood‑pressure‑lowering effect.