Kruidvat (Diclofenac Sodium)

Diclofenac sodium is applied topically to target inflammatory pathways in musculoskeletal conditions.

• Mild to moderate musculoskeletal pain: provides localized pain relief and reduces inflammation.
• Sprains and strains: diminishes swelling and improves joint mobility.
• Osteoarthritis of superficial joints: alleviates pain and stiffness during movement.

• Diclofenac sodium exerts its anti‑inflammatory effect by reversibly inhibiting cyclooxygenase‑1 (COX‑1) and cyclooxygenase‑2 (COX‑2) enzymes in peripheral tissues. This inhibition decreases the synthesis of prostaglandins, which are mediators of pain, fever and inflammation. When applied to the skin, the drug penetrates locally, achieving therapeutic concentrations at the site of injury while limiting systemic exposure.

Topical diclofenac can cause a range of local and systemic adverse reactions.

Common Side Effects

• Skin irritation or burning at the application site.
• Itching or mild redness.
• Dry skin or mild rash.
• Pruritus localized to the treated area.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Allergic contact dermatitis or severe skin reactions such as Stevens‑Johnson syndrome.
• Photosensitivity leading to exaggerated sunburn.
• Ulceration or necrosis at the site of application.
• Systemic NSAID effects including gastrointestinal bleeding.
• Renal impairment when absorbed in significant amounts.

Before using Kruidvat Diclofenac, consider the following precautions.

• Assess skin integrity: avoid application on broken, infected, or irritated skin.
• Limit treated area: apply to no more than 10 % of body surface at a time.
• Avoid occlusion: do not cover the treated area with airtight dressings.
• Concurrent NSAID use: consider increased systemic exposure and additive toxicity.
• Pregnancy and lactation: consult a healthcare professional before use.
• Store at room temperature: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Diclofenac sodium may interact with other medicines; review the following categories.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Oral anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): increased risk of bleeding.
• Systemic NSAIDs: additive gastrointestinal toxicity.
• Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs): heightened bleeding potential.
• Lithium: possible increase in serum lithium levels.
• Methotrexate: reduced renal clearance, risk of toxicity.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Diuretics (e.g., furosemide): possible reduction in renal function.
• ACE inhibitors or ARBs: may impair renal perfusion.
• Corticosteroids: increased risk of skin ulceration.
• Alcohol: may exacerbate gastrointestinal irritation.
• Cyclosporine: potential for nephrotoxicity.