Kwas Traneksamowy Tillomed (Tranexamic Acid)

Tranexamic Acid acts on the fibrinolytic pathway to reduce bleeding in several clinical settings.

• Surgical bleeding control: stabilises clot formation during and after operative procedures.
• Trauma‑related hemorrhage: limits blood loss in acute injury management.
• Heavy menstrual bleeding: reduces menstrual blood loss in women with menorrhagia.
• Hereditary angioedema prophylaxis: helps prevent swelling episodes when used as prescribed.

• Tranexamic Acid competitively inhibits the activation of plasminogen to plasmin by binding to lysine‑binding sites on plasminogen. This reduces fibrinolysis, allowing formed fibrin clots to persist longer and thereby decreasing bleeding. The drug does not affect platelet function and works systemically after intravenous administration.

Tranexamic Acid is generally well tolerated, but adverse reactions can occur.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: mild to moderate gastrointestinal discomfort.
• Vomiting: occasional episodes following infusion.
• Diarrhoea: loose stools reported in some patients.
• Headache: transient mild headache.
• Dizziness: occasional light‑headedness.
• Injection site pain: mild discomfort at the infusion site.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Thromboembolic events: rare clot formation in veins or arteries.
• Hypotension: sudden drop in blood pressure during infusion.
• Visual disturbances: rare reports of blurred vision.
• Allergic reactions: rash, urticaria, or anaphylaxis in susceptible individuals.
• Renal impairment: worsening kidney function in patients with pre‑existing disease.
• Seizures: extremely rare neurological events.

Tranexamic Acid should be used with caution in specific clinical situations.

• Renal function: assess creatinine clearance before initiating therapy.
• History of thrombosis: evaluate risk of clot formation prior to use.
• Concomitant anticoagulants: monitor coagulation parameters closely.
• Pregnancy and lactation: consider potential risks and benefits; use only if clearly indicated.
• Pediatric use: dosage and safety must be determined by a qualified prescriber.
• Store at 2-8°C: keep refrigerated, protect from light, do not freeze or shake.

Tranexamic Acid may interact with other medicines that affect haemostasis.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Combined hormonal contraceptives: increased risk of thrombosis.
• Estrogen‑containing hormone therapy: heightened clotting potential.
• Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs): may reduce anticoagulant efficacy.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Antiplatelet agents (e.g., aspirin, clopidogrel): monitor for bleeding or clotting balance.
• Fibrinolytic agents (e.g., alteplase): antagonistic effect may diminish therapeutic action.
• Non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): increased bleeding risk when used together.