Lansoprazolo Git (Lansoprazole)

Lansoprazole acts on the gastric proton pump to manage disorders of excess stomach acid.

• Gastro‑oesophageal reflux disease (GERD): alleviates heartburn and regurgitation by decreasing acid exposure in the esophagus.
• Peptic ulcer disease: promotes ulcer healing and prevents recurrence by maintaining a low‑acid gastric environment.
• Helicobacter pylori eradication (as part of combination therapy): enhances antibiotic effectiveness by suppressing acid that protects the bacteria.

• Lansoprazole selectively and irreversibly binds to the H+/K+ ATPase enzyme (the gastric proton pump) located on the secretory surface of parietal cells. By inhibiting this final step of acid secretion, it markedly reduces basal and stimulated gastric acid output, allowing the gastric mucosa to heal and decreasing the acidity that contributes to reflux and ulcer formation.

Lansoprazole may be associated with a range of adverse reactions, which are generally classified by frequency and severity.

Common Side Effects

• Headache: mild to moderate pain often transient.
• Diarrhea: loose stools that may resolve with continued therapy.
• Nausea: feeling of stomach upset or urge to vomit.
• Abdominal pain: discomfort or cramps in the stomach area.
• Flatulence: increased intestinal gas.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis): swelling, difficulty breathing, rash.
• Clostridioides difficile infection: persistent watery diarrhea, abdominal pain.
• Low magnesium levels (hypomagnesemia): muscle cramps, irregular heartbeat.
• Bone fractures: increased risk with long‑term use, especially in the hip, wrist, or spine.

When prescribing or dispensing lansoprazole, several safety considerations should be observed.

• Assess renal function: dose adjustment may be required in patients with severe impairment.
• Evaluate for osteoporosis risk: long‑term therapy may affect calcium absorption.
• Review concomitant medications: potential for reduced efficacy of drugs requiring acidic pH.
• Monitor for infection signs: prolonged acid suppression can increase risk of gastrointestinal infections.
• Pregnancy and lactation: use only if clearly needed after risk‑benefit assessment.
• Store at room temperature: keep in original container, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Lansoprazole can alter the pharmacokinetics of several co‑administered medicines, necessitating careful management.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Ketoconazole or itraconazole: reduced absorption leading to therapeutic failure.
• Atazanavir: markedly decreased plasma concentrations, compromising antiviral effect.
• Clopidogrel: diminished activation, reducing antiplatelet efficacy.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Warfarin: possible increase in INR, monitor coagulation parameters.
• Digoxin: increased serum levels, observe for toxicity.
• Methotrexate (high dose): decreased renal clearance, watch for toxicity.