Levidon (Levonorgestrel)

Levonorgestrel is a synthetic progestogen used in the emergency contraception pathway.

• Emergency contraception: prevents pregnancy after unprotected intercourse when taken within the approved time window.
• Prevention of pregnancy: provides post‑coital contraception for women of reproductive age.
• Ovulation inhibition: suppresses the luteinising hormone surge to block ovulation when administered before ovulation occurs.

• Levonorgestrel acts as a synthetic progestogen that binds to progesterone receptors in the hypothalamus and pituitary, inhibiting the surge of luteinising hormone required for ovulation. It also alters the endometrial lining, reducing its receptivity to a fertilised egg, thereby preventing implantation.

Levonorgestrel may cause a range of adverse reactions, most of which are mild and transient.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: mild to moderate stomach upset.
• Abdominal pain: cramping or discomfort in the lower abdomen.
• Fatigue: feeling unusually tired or weak.
• Headache: mild to moderate head pain.
• Dizziness: sensation of light‑headedness.
• Menstrual changes: spotting, early or delayed periods.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Severe allergic reaction: rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
• Chest pain: may indicate cardiovascular involvement.
• Severe abdominal pain: persistent or worsening pain.
• Liver dysfunction: jaundice or abnormal liver enzymes.
• Thromboembolic events: signs of blood clots such as leg swelling or sudden shortness of breath.

Levidon should be used with attention to timing, health status, and possible interactions.

• Timing of administration: take as soon as possible after unprotected intercourse, ideally within 72 hours.
• Pregnancy status: do not use if you are already pregnant; it is contraindicated in confirmed pregnancy.
• Breastfeeding: consult a healthcare professional before use while nursing.
• Drug interactions: review concomitant medications that may reduce effectiveness.
• Medical conditions: assess for liver disease, hormonal disorders, or clotting disorders before use.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25 °C, retain in original packaging, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Levonorgestrel can interact with several medicines that affect its efficacy.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Rifampicin: induces metabolism and may markedly reduce contraceptive effectiveness.
• Anticonvulsants (e.g., phenytoin, carbamazepine): increase hepatic clearance, lowering drug levels.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• St. John’s Wort: may modestly decrease effectiveness; monitor timing of intercourse.
• Phenobarbital: enzyme inducer that can lower drug concentrations.
• Certain antiretrovirals: may alter hormonal metabolism; clinical monitoring recommended.