Levocetirizina Sandoz (Levocetirizine Dihydrochloride)

Levocetirizine is a second‑generation antihistamine that reduces histamine‑mediated allergic responses.

• Allergic rhinitis: alleviates sneezing, nasal itching, congestion and rhinorrhea.
• Chronic idiopathic urticaria: decreases frequency and severity of hives and associated itching.
• Seasonal allergic rhinitis: controls symptoms triggered by pollen exposure.
• Perennial allergic rhinitis: provides year‑round symptom relief.

• Levocetirizine acts as a selective antagonist of peripheral histamine H1 receptors. By binding to these receptors on mast cells, basophils and sensory nerves, it blocks the action of endogenous histamine released during allergic reactions, thereby preventing the cascade that leads to vasodilation, increased vascular permeability, itching and sneezing.

Levocetirizine is generally well tolerated, but some patients may experience adverse reactions.

Common Side Effects

• Headache: mild to moderate pain often resolving without intervention.
• Dry mouth: sensation of oral dryness that may improve with hydration.
• Drowsiness or fatigue: occasional mild sedation, especially at the start of therapy.
• Nausea: transient stomach upset that usually subsides.
• Taste alteration: temporary changes in flavor perception.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Angioedema: swelling of face, lips or tongue requiring immediate medical attention.
• Anaphylactic reaction: severe, potentially life‑threatening hypersensitivity.
• Severe skin reactions: such as Stevens‑Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis.
• Cardiac arrhythmia: rare reports of rhythm disturbances.
• Hepatic dysfunction: uncommon elevation of liver enzymes.

Before initiating therapy, consider the following safety measures.

• Assess renal function: dose adjustment may be needed in severe impairment.
• Evaluate hepatic status: monitor liver enzymes if pre‑existing disease exists.
• Avoid operating machinery: drowsiness can impair alertness.
• Use caution in pregnancy: discuss risks with a healthcare professional.
• Limit alcohol consumption: may potentiate sedation.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep in the original pack, protect from moisture.

Levocetirizine may interact with several medicines; monitoring is advised.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Ketoconazole: can increase levocetirizine plasma concentrations.
• Erythromycin: may raise systemic exposure.
• Ritonavir: potential for elevated drug levels.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Alcohol: may enhance sedative effects.
• Other antihistamines: additive drowsiness risk.
• Theophylline: may increase its clearance, reducing efficacy.