Levofloxacin Unimed Pharma (Levofloxacin Hemihydrate)

Levofloxacin is a broad‑spectrum fluoroquinolone used to manage bacterial infections of the eye.

• Bacterial conjunctivitis: reduces bacterial load and resolves ocular surface infection.
• Bacterial keratitis: eradicates corneal pathogens and promotes healing of the corneal epithelium.
• Post‑operative ocular infection: prevents bacterial proliferation after eye surgery.

• Levofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for DNA replication and transcription. By binding to these enzymes, it prevents supercoiling and separation of bacterial DNA strands, leading to bactericidal activity against Gram‑negative and Gram‑positive ocular pathogens.

Levofloxacin ophthalmic solution may cause local and systemic adverse reactions.

Common Side Effects

• Eye irritation or burning sensation.
• Redness of the conjunctiva.
• Excessive tearing.
• Foreign body sensation.
• Transient blurred vision.
• Mild headache.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Allergic reactions including anaphylaxis.
• Stevens‑Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis.
• Severe ocular inflammation or corneal ulceration.
• Tendon rupture (systemic exposure).
• Vision loss.
• Systemic hypersensitivity with rash or fever.

Before prescribing Levofloxacin ophthalmic solution, consider the following precautions.

• Hypersensitivity: avoid use in patients with known fluoroquinolone allergy.
• Corneal integrity: use with caution in eyes with epithelial defects or severe dry eye.
• Systemic exposure: monitor patients with renal impairment for potential systemic accumulation.
• Concomitant steroids: avoid unless necessary, as steroids may increase risk of corneal thinning.
• Pregnancy and lactation: safety not established; weigh benefits against potential risks.
• Store at room temperature: keep in original container, protect from moisture and light.

Levofloxacin ophthalmic solution can interact with other systemic or ocular agents.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Systemic fluoroquinolones: concurrent use may increase total fluoroquinolone exposure.
• QT‑prolonging drugs: combined effect may raise risk of cardiac arrhythmia.
• Corticosteroid eye drops: may heighten risk of corneal thinning and delayed healing.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Anticholinergic eye drops: may reduce tear production, affecting drug distribution.
• Non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory eye drops: monitor for additive irritation.
• Herbal supplements containing quinine: potential additive QT prolongation.