Levofloxacin Viatris (Levofloxacin)

Levofloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes required for DNA replication and transcription. This blockade prevents bacterial cells from replicating their DNA, leading to bacterial death and resolution of the infection.

The specific dose of levofloxacin is determined by the prescribing clinician based on the type and severity of infection, patient age, renal function, and other clinical factors. Standard adult regimens range from 250 mg to 750 mg once daily, but exact dosing must follow the prescriber’s order.

Levofloxacin falls under an unknown pregnancy category, and safety data are limited. It should be used during pregnancy or lactation only when the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus or infant. Consultation with a healthcare professional is essential before use.

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Levofloxacin offers broad‑spectrum activity against Gram‑negative and Gram‑positive bacteria and has excellent oral bioavailability, allowing convenient tablet dosing. Compared with macrolides, it often provides faster bacterial eradication for respiratory infections, while fluoroquinolones generally have a higher risk of tendon and cardiac side effects.

Levofloxacin tablets should be stored at temperatures below 25 °C, in the original container, protected from moisture and direct sunlight. Keeping the product in a dry, cool place helps maintain its potency throughout its shelf life.

Levofloxacin is supplied as oral tablets that are swallowed whole with a glass of water. It can be taken with or without food, although taking it with food may reduce gastrointestinal upset in some patients.

Serious risks include tendon rupture (especially the Achilles tendon), QT interval prolongation leading to cardiac arrhythmias, and Clostridioides difficile‑associated colitis. Patients should be monitored for sudden joint pain, palpitations, or severe diarrhea and advised to seek immediate medical attention if these occur.

Levofloxacin should be avoided in individuals with known hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones, a history of tendon disorders, or those taking medications that significantly prolong the QT interval. Caution is also advised for patients with severe renal impairment, uncontrolled epilepsy, or pregnant women unless the benefit outweighs the risk.