Levofloxacina Eg (Levofloxacin Hemihydrate)

• Levofloxacin is a broad‑spectrum fluoroquinolone used to treat bacterial infections in several organ systems.
• Urinary tract infections: eradicates common uropathogens and resolves symptoms of cystitis and pyelonephritis.
• Community‑acquired respiratory infections: treats pneumonia, acute exacerbations of bronchitis and sinusitis caused by susceptible bacteria.
• Skin and soft‑tissue infections: clears cellulitis, abscesses and wound infections.
• Acute bacterial prostatitis: penetrates prostatic tissue to eliminate causative organisms.
• Complicated intra‑abdominal infections: targets mixed aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in peritonitis and intra‑abdominal abscesses.

• Levofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for DNA supercoiling and replication. By stabilizing the enzyme‑DNA complex, it prevents the resealing of DNA strands, halting bacterial DNA synthesis and transcription, which leads to bacterial cell death. This bactericidal action is effective against a wide range of Gram‑negative and Gram‑positive organisms.

Levofloxacin may cause a variety of adverse reactions, ranging from mild to severe.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: mild to moderate gastrointestinal upset.
• Diarrhea: loose stools, occasionally watery.
• Headache: transient cranial discomfort.
• Dizziness: sensation of light‑headedness or unsteadiness.
• Insomnia: difficulty falling or staying asleep.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Tendon rupture: especially Achilles tendon, often linked to sudden activity.
• QT interval prolongation: may predispose to cardiac arrhythmias.
• Clostridioides difficile infection: severe colitis following disruption of gut flora.
• Severe allergic reactions: anaphylaxis, skin rash, or angioedema.
• Peripheral neuropathy: numbness or tingling in extremities.
• Photosensitivity: heightened skin reaction to sunlight.

• Levofloxacina Eg requires careful assessment of patient risk factors before use.
• Renal function assessment: dose adjustment may be needed in impaired kidney function.
• Tendon disorder history: avoid in patients with prior tendon injury or who engage in high‑impact sports.
• QT prolongation monitoring: caution in patients with cardiac arrhythmias or on other QT‑prolonging drugs.
• Pregnancy and lactation: use only if clearly needed, as safety data are limited.
• Drug‑specific contraindications: avoid in patients with known hypersensitivity to fluoroquinolones.
• Store below 25°C: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and light.

Levofloxacina Eg can alter the activity of several co‑administered medicines.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Antacids or supplements containing aluminum, magnesium, calcium, or iron: markedly reduce levofloxacin absorption.
• Warfarin: may increase anticoagulant effect and bleeding risk.
• Cyclosporine: elevated cyclosporine levels can lead to nephrotoxicity.
• Theophylline: increased plasma concentrations may cause seizures or cardiac arrhythmias.
• Glucose‑6‑phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency: risk of hemolysis.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• NSAIDs: combined use may raise the chance of central nervous system stimulation.
• Corticosteroids: together increase tendon‑rupture risk.
• Oral hypoglycemics or insulin: enhanced hypoglycemic effect.
• SSRIs or SNRIs: potential for increased bleeding.
• Diabetic agents: monitor blood glucose closely.