Levofloxacine Arrow Lab (Levofloxacin)

Levofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections of various organ systems.

• Acute bacterial sinusitis: reduces symptoms and eradicates the causative pathogens.
• Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: improves airflow and resolves infection.
• Community‑acquired pneumonia: eliminates the responsible bacteria and supports lung recovery.
• Uncomplicated urinary tract infection: clears the infection and relieves urinary symptoms.
• Skin and soft tissue infections: treats bacterial cellulitis and related dermal conditions.

• Levofloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for DNA replication, transcription, and repair. By binding to these enzymes, it prevents the supercoiling and separation of DNA strands, leading to bacterial cell death. The drug exhibits concentration‑dependent bactericidal activity against a broad spectrum of Gram‑negative and Gram‑positive organisms.

Levofloxacin may cause a range of adverse reactions, from mild to serious.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: mild to moderate stomach upset.
• Diarrhea: loose stools, sometimes watery.
• Headache: transient cranial discomfort.
• Dizziness: sensation of light‑headedness or unsteadiness.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Tendon rupture: especially Achilles tendon, often after physical activity.
• QT interval prolongation: may predispose to cardiac arrhythmias.
• Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis): rapid onset of hives, swelling, and breathing difficulty.
• Clostridioides difficile‑associated diarrhea: severe colitis requiring medical attention.

Levofloxacin should be used with attention to patient‑specific risk factors and proper handling.

• Renal function: adjust dose in patients with impaired renal clearance.
• Age: use cautiously in elderly due to increased risk of tendon injury.
• Concomitant QT‑prolonging drugs: avoid combined use to reduce cardiac risk.
• History of hypersensitivity: contraindicated if known allergy to fluoroquinolones.
• Pregnancy and lactation: use only if benefits outweigh potential risks.
• Store at ambient temperature below 25°C: keep in original container, protect from moisture and light.

Levofloxacin can interact with several medicines, requiring careful management.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Other fluoroquinolones: additive toxicity.
• Antacids or supplements containing magnesium, aluminum, calcium, or iron: markedly reduce absorption.
• Warfarin: may increase anticoagulant effect and bleeding risk.
• Drugs that prolong QT interval (e.g., macrolides, antiarrhythmics): heightened arrhythmia potential.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Theophylline: levofloxacin may raise plasma levels, causing toxicity.
• Corticosteroids: combined use may increase tendon rupture risk.
• Non‑steroidal anti‑inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): may enhance central nervous system side effects.