Levofloxacine Krka (Levofloxacin)

Levofloxacin is indicated for several bacterial infections affecting the respiratory, urinary and skin systems.

• Urinary tract infection: eradicates susceptible uropathogens, relieving dysuria, frequency and systemic symptoms.
• Community‑acquired pneumonia: eliminates typical and atypical bacteria, improving lung function and fever.
• Acute bacterial sinusitis: clears sinus infection, reducing congestion, facial pain and discharge.
• Acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: treats bacterial flare‑ups, decreasing cough and sputum production.
• Skin and soft‑tissue infection: combats Gram‑positive and Gram‑negative organisms, promoting wound healing.
• Prostatitis: resolves bacterial prostatitis, alleviating pelvic pain and urinary disturbances.

• Levofloxacin exerts its antibacterial activity by binding to bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV. This inhibition prevents the supercoiling and resealing of DNA strands required for replication and transcription, leading to bacterial cell death. The drug displays concentration‑dependent killing against a broad spectrum of Gram‑positive, Gram‑negative and atypical organisms and is effective in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

Levofloxacin may cause a range of adverse reactions, varying from mild to severe.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: mild stomach upset often occurring early in therapy.
• Diarrhea: loose stools that may be self‑limiting.
• Headache: transient cranial discomfort.
• Dizziness: sensation of light‑headedness.
• Abdominal pain: cramping or discomfort in the stomach area.
• Insomnia: difficulty falling or staying asleep.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Tendon rupture: sudden tendon pain or rupture, especially in the Achilles.
• QT interval prolongation: cardiac rhythm disturbances that may lead to arrhythmia.
• Severe allergic reaction: rash, swelling, bronchospasm or anaphylaxis.
• Clostridioides difficile infection: severe colitis with watery diarrhea.
• Peripheral neuropathy: numbness or tingling in extremities.
• Hepatotoxicity: elevated liver enzymes or jaundice.

Before prescribing Levofloxacine Krka, clinicians should consider several safety precautions.

• Renal function assessment: adjust dose in patients with impaired clearance.
• Hypersensitivity history: avoid in individuals with known fluoroquinolone allergy.
• Age considerations: use caution in elderly patients due to increased tendon risk.
• Concomitant QT‑prolonging drugs: monitor cardiac rhythm when combined.
• Tendon health monitoring: advise patients to report tendon pain or swelling promptly.
• Store at below 25°C: keep in the original packaging, protect from moisture and heat.

Levofloxacin can interact with other medicines, altering its efficacy or safety.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Antacids or supplements containing magnesium, aluminum or calcium: reduce levofloxacin absorption.
• Warfarin: may increase INR and bleeding risk.
• Cyclosporine: elevated levofloxacin levels can cause toxicity.
• Theophylline: enhanced stimulant effects and possible seizures.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• NSAIDs: increased risk of central nervous system stimulation.
• Corticosteroids: heightened chance of tendon rupture.
• Other QT‑prolonging agents: additive effect on cardiac rhythm.
• Diabetic agents: potential for hypoglycemia, monitor blood glucose.