Product image of Levothyroxine Sodium supplied by GNH India

Levothyroxine Sodium

Active Ingredient:
Levothyroxine Sodium
Origin:
EU

Levothyroxine Sodium

Levothyroxine Sodium, the active ingredient in Levothyroxine Sodium, is a synthetic thyroid hormone presented as an oral tablet for oral use. It replaces deficient endogenous thyroxine (T4) and is prescribed for patients with hypothyroidism, goiter, or as part of thyroid cancer suppression therapy. The medication restores normal metabolic activity and protein synthesis, helping to regulate body temperature, heart rate, and energy levels.

GNH India supplies Levothyroxine Sodium as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Berlin-Chemie Ag

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Indications & Clinical Uses

Levothyroxine Sodium is used to treat disorders of thyroid hormone deficiency and related conditions.

  • Hypothyroidism: restores normal thyroid hormone levels and alleviates symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance.
  • Goiter: reduces thyroid gland enlargement by normalizing hormone feedback.
  • Thyroid cancer suppression: provides hormone replacement to suppress TSH stimulation after thyroidectomy.

How It Works

  • Levothyroxine Sodium is a synthetic form of the endogenous hormone thyroxine (T4). After oral absorption, it is deiodinated to the active hormone triiodothyronine (T3) in peripheral tissues. The resulting T3 binds nuclear thyroid hormone receptors, modulating gene transcription that controls basal metabolic rate, protein synthesis, and growth. By supplying exogenous T4, the drug compensates for insufficient thyroid output and normalizes the hypothalamic‑pituitary‑thyroid axis.

Side Effects

Levothyroxine Sodium may cause a range of adverse reactions, which are generally dose‑related.

Common Side Effects

  • Headache: mild to moderate headache.
  • Nervousness: feelings of anxiety or jitteriness.
  • Insomnia: difficulty falling or staying asleep.
  • Weight loss: unintended reduction in body weight.
  • Palpitations: awareness of rapid or irregular heartbeat.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

  • Cardiac arrhythmia: abnormal heart rhythm that may require medical attention.
  • Angina pectoris: chest pain due to reduced coronary blood flow.
  • Osteoporosis: decreased bone mineral density with long‑term overtreatment.
  • Allergic reaction: rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.
  • Hyperthyroidism symptoms: excessive sweating, tremor, or heat intolerance.

Precautions & Warnings

When prescribing Levothyroxine Sodium, clinicians should consider several safety considerations.

  • Dose adjustment: titrate based on serum TSH and free T4 levels.
  • Cardiovascular disease: monitor patients with angina, arrhythmias, or recent myocardial infarction.
  • Osteoporosis risk: use the lowest effective dose in patients at risk for bone loss.
  • Pregnancy and lactation: evaluate benefits versus risks and adjust dosing as needed.
  • Drug interactions: review concomitant medications that may alter absorption or metabolism.
  • Store at room temperature: keep below 25 °C, protect from moisture and light in the original container.

Avoid Interactions

Levothyroxine Sodium can interact with several medicines, affecting its absorption or activity.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

  • Calcium supplements: reduce levothyroxine absorption; separate dosing by at least 4 hours.
  • Iron salts: markedly decrease absorption; separate dosing by at least 4 hours.
  • Proton pump inhibitors: may lower absorption; monitor thyroid function.
  • Antacids containing aluminum or magnesium: interfere with uptake; separate dosing.
  • Certain anticonvulsants (e.g., phenytoin, carbamazepine): increase metabolism leading to reduced efficacy.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

  • Warfarin: levothyroxine may enhance anticoagulant effect; monitor INR.
  • Beta‑blockers: may mask symptoms of hyperthyroidism; observe clinical response.
  • Cholesterol‑lowering agents (e.g., cholestyramine): decrease absorption; adjust levothyroxine dose if needed.

Frequently Asked Questions

Levothyroxine Sodium is prescribed to replace deficient thyroid hormone in patients with hypothyroidism, to reduce thyroid gland enlargement in goiter, and as part of hormone replacement therapy after thyroid cancer surgery to suppress TSH stimulation.

The drug provides synthetic thyroxine (T4) that is absorbed orally and converted to the active hormone triiodothyronine (T3). T3 binds to nuclear thyroid receptors, regulating gene expression that controls metabolism, protein synthesis, and growth, thereby normalizing the body's hormonal balance.

The appropriate dose of Levothyroxine Sodium is individualized and set by a qualified prescriber based on factors such as age, weight, severity of hormone deficiency, and laboratory thyroid function tests. Patients should follow the exact dosing instructions provided by their healthcare professional.

Levothyroxine Sodium is generally considered safe in pregnancy and lactation when clinically indicated, as untreated hypothyroidism can harm both mother and fetus. The prescriber will weigh benefits against potential risks and may adjust the dose to maintain appropriate thyroid hormone levels.

To place an order, submit an enquiry on the product page at gnhindia.com specifying the required quantity. GNH India supplies hospitals, pharmacies and procurement teams worldwide, and will request verification of trade or institutional credentials before providing pricing, availability, shipping details and any necessary import documentation.

The primary alternative to Levothyroxine Sodium is liothyronine (synthetic T3) or natural desiccated thyroid extracts. Levothyroxine provides a stable T4 source with a longer half‑life, allowing once‑daily dosing, whereas liothyronine has a shorter duration and may require multiple daily doses. Choice depends on clinical response and physician preference.

Levothyroxine Sodium tablets should be stored at room temperature, below 25 °C, in their original packaging to protect from moisture and light. Keep the container tightly closed and out of reach of children.

The medication is taken orally, usually on an empty stomach with a full glass of water, at least 30 minutes before breakfast or other medications. Consistency in timing helps maintain stable blood levels.

Serious risks include cardiac arrhythmias, angina, and signs of overt hyperthyroidism such as rapid heart rate, tremor, and severe sweating. Long‑term overtreatment can also lead to decreased bone mineral density. Patients should report any chest pain, palpitations, or unexplained weight loss promptly.

Levothyroxine Sodium should be avoided in individuals with untreated adrenal insufficiency, acute myocardial infarction, or uncorrected thyrotoxicosis. Patients with known hypersensitivity to levothyroxine or any excipients in the formulation should also refrain from use.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated:

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