Lexotanil (Bromazepam)

Lexotanil (bromazepam) acts on the central nervous system to alleviate conditions within the anxiety disorder spectrum.

• Anxiety disorders: reduction of excessive worry, tension and physiological symptoms of anxiety.
• Insomnia related to anxiety: facilitation of sleep onset and maintenance.
• Preoperative anxiety: calming effect before surgical procedures.
• Acute stress reaction: short‑term relief of heightened stress symptoms.
• Adjustment disorder with anxiety: control of anxiety‑related emotional disturbances.

• Bromazepam binds to a specific site on the GABA‑A receptor complex, acting as a positive allosteric modulator. This enhances the inhibitory effect of the endogenous neurotransmitter GABA by increasing chloride ion influx, leading to hyperpolarisation of neuronal membranes and decreased neuronal excitability, which underlies its anxiolytic, sedative and muscle‑relaxant properties.

Adverse reactions may occur with bromazepam use and vary in frequency.

Common Side Effects

• Drowsiness: feeling of sleepiness or reduced alertness.
• Dizziness: sensation of light‑headedness or imbalance.
• Fatigue: general lack of energy or increased tiredness.
• Impaired coordination: reduced motor control and clumsiness.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Respiratory depression: slowed or shallow breathing, especially with other depressants.
• Severe allergic reaction: rash, itching, swelling, or anaphylaxis.
• Dependence or withdrawal syndrome: psychological or physical dependence with potential withdrawal symptoms upon abrupt cessation.

Before initiating bromazepam therapy, consider the following safety measures.

• Dose adjustment: required in elderly patients or those with hepatic impairment.
• Discontinuation: avoid abrupt stopping to prevent withdrawal phenomena.
• Concomitant CNS depressants: use caution as additive sedation may occur.
• Pregnancy and lactation: consult a healthcare professional before use.
• Driving and machinery: may impair performance; avoid operating hazardous equipment.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and light.

Bromazepam may interact with other medicines, altering its effects or safety profile.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Opioids: increased risk of profound respiratory depression.
• Alcohol: synergistic central nervous system depression leading to excessive sedation.
• Barbiturates: enhanced sedative effect and potential respiratory compromise.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Antidepressants (SSRIs): possible serotonin syndrome when combined.
• Antihistamines: additive drowsiness and reduced alertness.
• CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole): may raise bromazepam plasma concentrations, requiring dose review.