Lidocaina Cloridrato Ogna (Lidocaine Hydrochloride)

Lidocaine Hydrochloride is used in the oral cavity to achieve local anesthesia for a range of gingival and minor oral procedures.

• Dental procedures: provides rapid, reversible numbness of gingival tissue during scaling, root planing, or restorative work.
• Periodontal therapy: facilitates pain‑free access for pocket debridement and flap surgery.
• Oral biopsies: enables painless removal of small mucosal lesions.
• Minor oral surgeries: allows comfortable excision of benign lesions or removal of loose teeth.

• Lidocaine Hydrochloride acts by reversibly binding to voltage‑gated sodium channels on neuronal membranes, stabilizing the inactive state of the channel. This blocks the influx of sodium ions required for depolarisation, thereby inhibiting the initiation and propagation of nerve impulses. The result is a temporary loss of sensation in the area where the drug is applied, without affecting surrounding tissues.

Adverse reactions are generally local and dose‑related, but systemic effects can occur if absorption is excessive.

Common Side Effects

• Mild burning or stinging at the application site.
• Transient numbness lasting longer than the procedure.
• Localised swelling or erythema.
• Taste disturbance (metallic taste).
• Minor headache.
• Dizziness.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Allergic reaction, including anaphylaxis.
• Cardiac arrhythmia or conduction disturbances.
• Central nervous system toxicity (seizures, tremors).
• Methemoglobinemia.
• Severe hypotension.
• Respiratory depression.

Proper use of Lidocaine Hydrochloride requires attention to patient history and technique.

• Assess allergy: verify no known hypersensitivity to amide‑type local anesthetics.
• Use minimal effective amount: limit dose to recommended maximum for gingival application.
• Avoid intravascular injection: aspirate before administration to reduce systemic exposure.
• Monitor cardiac status: observe patients with pre‑existing heart disease for rhythm changes.
• Store at room temperature: keep in original container, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Lidocaine Hydrochloride can interact with several drug classes, altering its safety profile.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Class I antiarrhythmics (e.g., quinidine): increase systemic toxicity risk.
• Beta‑blockers: may potentiate cardiac depressant effects.
• Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole): raise plasma lidocaine concentrations.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Class II antiarrhythmics (e.g., propranolol): require cardiac monitoring.
• Concurrent use of other local anesthetics: cumulative toxicity possible.
• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: may enhance central nervous system effects.