Lipanthyl Penta (Fenofibrate (Nanonised))

• Fenofibrate, a member of the fibrate class, modulates lipid metabolism pathways to reduce elevated triglycerides and improve overall lipid profiles.
• Hypertriglyceridemia: lowers serum triglyceride concentrations by enhancing catabolism of triglyceride‑rich lipoproteins, helping achieve target levels.
• Mixed dyslipidemia: reduces triglycerides, modestly raises high‑density lipoprotein cholesterol and may lower low‑density lipoprotein cholesterol, improving the overall lipid profile.
• Primary hypercholesterolemia (adjunct): used alongside statins to further lower LDL‑cholesterol and triglycerides when monotherapy is insufficient.

• Fenofibrate activates peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor‑alpha (PPARα), a nuclear transcription factor that regulates genes involved in fatty‑acid oxidation and lipoprotein metabolism. Activation increases lipolysis of triglyceride‑rich particles, enhances hepatic uptake and catabolism of very‑low‑density lipoproteins, reduces hepatic production of apolipoprotein‑CIII, and modestly raises synthesis of apolipoprotein‑A‑I, leading to decreased plasma triglycerides and modest improvements in HDL‑cholesterol.

Fenofibrate may cause a range of adverse reactions, varying from mild to serious.

Common Side Effects

• Gastrointestinal upset: nausea, abdominal discomfort or dyspepsia.
• Headache: mild to moderate intensity.
• Muscle pain: mild myalgia without weakness.
• Elevated liver enzymes: transient increase in ALT/AST.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Rhabdomyolysis: severe muscle breakdown potentially leading to renal failure.
• Hepatotoxicity: acute liver injury or cholestatic jaundice.
• Severe allergic reaction: rash, angioedema or anaphylaxis.

• Before initiating fenofibrate therapy, several clinical considerations should be evaluated to minimize risk.
• Renal function: assess creatinine clearance and adjust use in severe impairment.
• Hepatic function: obtain baseline liver enzymes and monitor periodically.
• Muscle disorders: avoid in patients with active myopathy or a history of rhabdomyolysis.
• Concomitant statins: use caution with high‑dose statins due to increased myopathy risk.
• Pregnancy and lactation: safety not established; avoid unless benefits outweigh risks.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25 °C, in the original packaging, protected from moisture.

Fenofibrate can interact with several medicines, altering its efficacy or safety profile.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Gemfibrozil: combined use markedly raises risk of rhabdomyolysis.
• Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., itraconazole, clarithromycin): increase fenofibrate plasma concentrations.
• High‑dose statins (e.g., simvastatin >20 mg): elevate risk of severe muscle toxicity.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Anticoagulants (warfarin): fenofibrate may enhance anticoagulant effect, requiring INR monitoring.
• NSAIDs: concurrent use can increase risk of renal impairment.
• Bile‑acid sequestrants (cholestyramine): may reduce fenofibrate absorption, timing of administration should be separated.