Lipoplus (Omega-3-Acid Triglycerides, Soya-Bean Oil Refined, Triglycerides, Medium Chain)

Lipoplus is used in parenteral nutrition to deliver essential fatty acids and calories to patients with compromised oral or enteral intake.

• Inadequate oral or enteral intake: provides calories and essential fatty acids for patients who cannot be fed enterally.
• Essential fatty acid deficiency: prevents and treats deficiency by supplying omega‑3 and omega‑6 fatty acids intravenously.
• Postoperative or critically ill support: supplies lipid calories to support recovery and metabolic demands in surgical and intensive care settings.

• Omega-3-acid triglycerides in Lipoplus are hydrolyzed by lipases after intravenous infusion, releasing free fatty acids that are incorporated into cell membranes and serve as substrates for eicosanoid synthesis. The emulsion also delivers a dense caloric source (≈10 kcal/ml) and essential fatty acids, supporting energy metabolism, membrane integrity, and anti‑inflammatory pathways in patients unable to receive enteral nutrition.

Lipoplus may be associated with a range of infusion‑related adverse reactions, varying from mild to severe.

Common Side Effects

• Hypertriglyceridemia: elevated blood triglyceride levels during therapy.
• Fever or chills: transient temperature rise or shivering during infusion.
• Infusion site reactions: erythema, pain, or swelling at the catheter site.
• Nausea: mild gastrointestinal discomfort.
• Headache: transient head pain.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Fat overload syndrome: excessive lipid accumulation leading to organ dysfunction.
• Anaphylactic or severe allergic reaction: rapid onset of respiratory or cardiovascular compromise.
• Hepatic dysfunction: elevated liver enzymes or cholestasis.
• Thrombocytopenia: reduced platelet count.
• Pulmonary embolism: lipid emboli causing respiratory distress.
• Infection risk: contamination‑related sepsis from lipid medium.

Prior to initiating Lipoplus therapy, clinicians should evaluate patient-specific factors and monitor parameters to minimize risks.

• Assess triglyceride levels: baseline and periodic monitoring to avoid hypertriglyceridemia.
• Monitor liver function: check hepatic enzymes regularly during treatment.
• Caution in hyperlipidaemia: adjust or avoid use in patients with pre‑existing lipid disorders.
• Allergy screening: avoid in individuals with known hypersensitivity to soy, fish oil, or egg phospholipids.
• Dose adjustment in organ impairment: consider reduced infusion rates for severe hepatic or renal dysfunction.
• Store at 2-8°C: keep refrigerated, protect from light, do not freeze or shake.

Lipoplus can interact with other therapies that affect lipid metabolism or coagulation, requiring careful management.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Concomitant lipid emulsions: combined use may cause fat overload syndrome.
• Propofol infusion: both provide lipid load, increasing risk of hypertriglyceridemia.
• High‑dose heparin therapy: may exacerbate triglyceride elevation.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Warfarin: lipid infusion can alter INR, requiring closer monitoring.
• Statins: concurrent use may increase risk of myopathy with elevated triglycerides.
• Beta‑adrenergic agonists: may affect lipid metabolism and triglyceride levels.