Magnesia San Pellegrino (Magnesium Hydroxide)

Magnesium hydroxide is used as an antacid and laxative to manage conditions related to excess gastric acidity and bowel motility.

• Heartburn: provides rapid relief of burning sensation by neutralizing stomach acid.
• Acid indigestion: reduces discomfort and bloating associated with excess acid.
• Constipation: softens stool and promotes bowel movements by increasing intestinal water content.

• Magnesium hydroxide acts as a basic compound that reacts with hydrochloric acid in the stomach to form magnesium chloride and water, thereby raising gastric pH and decreasing acidity. The resulting neutral environment alleviates irritation of the esophageal lining. In the intestines, magnesium ions draw water into the lumen, increasing stool liquidity and stimulating peristalsis, which facilitates bowel evacuation.

Magnesium hydroxide may cause a range of adverse reactions, most of which are mild and transient.

Common Side Effects

• Diarrhea: loose stools due to increased intestinal water.
• Abdominal cramping: mild stomach discomfort.
• Flatulence: excess gas production.
• Nausea: feeling of unease in the stomach.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Electrolyte imbalance: high magnesium levels leading to hypermagnesemia, especially in renal impairment.
• Severe allergic reaction: rash, itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing.

When using magnesium hydroxide, consider the following precautions to ensure safe and effective therapy.

• Renal function: assess kidney health before use, as impaired excretion can raise magnesium levels.
• Drug interactions: review concomitant medications that may affect magnesium absorption or excretion.
• Pregnancy and lactation: use only if clearly needed and prescribed by a healthcare professional.
• Chronic use: avoid prolonged daily use without medical supervision to prevent electrolyte disturbances.
• Store below 25°C: keep in the original pack, protect from moisture.

Magnesium hydroxide can affect the absorption or action of several other medicines.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Tetracycline antibiotics: magnesium binds and markedly reduces their absorption, compromising efficacy.
• Bisphosphonates (e.g., alendronate): concurrent intake decreases bisphosphonate absorption, reducing therapeutic effect.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Levothyroxine: magnesium may lower its absorption; separate dosing by at least 4 hours.
• Iron supplements: magnesium can diminish iron uptake; schedule doses apart.
• Digoxin: magnesium may increase serum digoxin levels; monitor cardiac function.