Magnesium Sulfate Kalceks (Magnesium Sulfate Heptahydrate)

Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate is employed to correct magnesium deficiency and to manage obstetric and cardiac conditions where electrolyte balance is critical.

• Magnesium deficiency: restores normal serum magnesium levels and supports enzymatic functions.
• Eclampsia and pre‑eclampsia: prevents seizures by stabilizing neuromuscular excitability in pregnant patients.
• Torsades de pointes: terminates or prevents this polymorphic ventricular tachycardia by correcting magnesium deficit.

• Magnesium sulfate dissociates to release Mg2+ ions that act as cofactors for numerous enzymatic reactions, compete with calcium at voltage‑gated channels, and promote vasodilation. The resulting calcium antagonism stabilizes neuronal membranes, relaxes smooth muscle, and improves cardiac electrophysiology, thereby correcting magnesium deficiency and mitigating excitatory states.

Adverse reactions may range from mild to severe and should be monitored during therapy.

Common Side Effects

• Flushing or warmth at the injection site
• Sweating or diaphoresis
• Mild hypotension
• Nausea or vomiting
• Headache
• Dizziness

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Severe hypotension or cardiovascular collapse
• Respiratory depression
• Cardiac arrest or severe arrhythmia
• Anaphylactic or severe allergic reaction
• Hypermagnesemia with neuromuscular weakness
• Loss of deep tendon reflexes

Magnesium sulfate requires careful assessment of patient risk factors and monitoring of serum levels.

• Renal impairment: monitor serum magnesium and adjust dose.
• Cardiac disease: use cautiously; watch for bradycardia or conduction abnormalities.
• Neuromuscular disorders: assess for increased weakness or respiratory compromise.
• Pregnancy: evaluate risk‑benefit; limited data, use under specialist guidance.
• Concomitant calcium channel blockers or other magnesium salts: assess for additive effects.
• Store at 2-8°C: keep refrigerated, protect from light, do not freeze or shake.

Magnesium sulfate can modify the activity of several co‑administered drugs; interaction severity varies.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Calcium channel blockers: additive vasodilatory effect may cause severe hypotension.
• Neuromuscular blocking agents: potentiation may lead to prolonged paralysis.
• Other magnesium salts: risk of hypermagnesemia.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Loop diuretics: may increase magnesium loss; monitor levels.
• ACE inhibitors or ARBs: may enhance hypermagnesemia risk.
• Aminoglycoside antibiotics: magnesium may reduce efficacy; monitor therapeutic response.