Medoflucon (Fluconazole)

Fluconazole is an azole antifungal used to manage infections caused by susceptible fungi.

• Vulvovaginal candidiasis: alleviates symptoms and eradicates Candida infection in the vaginal mucosa.
• Oropharyngeal and esophageal candidiasis: clears fungal growth in the mouth and throat, improving swallowing and comfort.
• Systemic candidiasis: treats bloodstream and deep‑tissue Candida infections, reducing mortality risk.
• Cryptococcal meningitis: penetrates the central nervous system to control Cryptococcus neoformans infection.
• Prevention of fungal infections in immunocompromised patients: provides prophylaxis during periods of high infection risk.

• Fluconazole inhibits the fungal cytochrome P450 enzyme 14α‑demethylase, a key step in ergosterol synthesis. By blocking ergosterol production, the drug disrupts fungal cell membrane formation, leading to increased membrane permeability and inhibition of fungal growth and replication.

Fluconazole may cause a range of adverse reactions, from mild to severe.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: mild stomach upset often occurring after the first dose.
• Headache: transient headache reported by some patients.
• Diarrhea: loose stools that usually resolve without intervention.
• Abdominal pain: cramping or discomfort in the stomach area.
• Rash: mild skin redness or itching.
• Elevated liver enzymes: mild, reversible changes in liver function tests.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Hepatotoxicity: signs of liver injury such as jaundice or dark urine.
• Severe skin reactions: Stevens‑Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis.
• Cardiac arrhythmias: QT interval prolongation leading to irregular heartbeat.
• Anaphylaxis: rare but life‑threatening allergic reaction.
• Hematologic abnormalities: neutropenia or thrombocytopenia.
• Visual disturbances: blurred vision or changes in color perception.

Before initiating therapy, clinicians should evaluate patient‑specific factors and monitor for potential complications.

• Liver function assessment: check baseline hepatic enzymes and repeat if symptoms arise.
• Renal function monitoring: adjust dosing in severe renal impairment as advised by prescriber.
• Pregnancy considerations: discuss potential risks with a qualified obstetrician before use.
• Drug‑interaction review: assess concomitant medications for known interactions.
• Store at room temperature: keep in the original packaging, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Fluconazole can alter the plasma concentrations of several co‑administered drugs.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Warfarin: increased anticoagulant effect may lead to bleeding.
• Certain statins (e.g., simvastatin, lovastatin): risk of myopathy and rhabdomyolysis.
• Phenytoin: reduced clearance may cause toxicity.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Oral hypoglycemics (e.g., glyburide): possible enhanced hypoglycaemic effect.
• Benzodiazepines (e.g., midazolam): increased sedation; dose adjustment may be required.