Melabiorytm (Melatonin)

• Melabiorytm, a melatonin receptor agonist, is indicated for disorders affecting the sleep‑wake cycle.
• Insomnia: facilitates sleep onset and improves sleep continuity in individuals with difficulty falling asleep.
• Circadian rhythm sleep disorders: helps realign the internal clock in shift‑work or delayed‑sleep‑phase conditions.
• Jet lag: reduces the time required to adjust to new time zones after rapid east‑west travel.

• Melatonin binds to MT1 and MT2 receptors in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. Activation of these G‑protein‑coupled receptors modulates circadian signaling, decreasing neuronal firing at night and promoting physiological processes that initiate sleep. By mimicking the endogenous hormone, it assists in synchronizing the internal biological clock with the external light‑dark cycle.

Oral melatonin may be associated with a range of adverse reactions, most of which are mild and transient.

Common Side Effects

• Drowsiness or daytime sleepiness
• Headache
• Nausea
• Dizziness

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Allergic skin reactions (rash, pruritus)
• Severe hypersensitivity (anaphylaxis)
• Mood changes (depression, agitation)

• When considering melatonin therapy, several safety aspects should be reviewed.
• Assess underlying conditions: evaluate for depression, seizure disorders, or autoimmune disease before use.
• Review concomitant medications: consider potential interactions with anticoagulants, immunosuppressants, or central nervous system depressants.
• Pregnancy and lactation: use only if potential benefit outweighs risk, as safety data are limited.
• Age considerations: dose adjustments may be needed for children and the elderly.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25 °C in the original container, protect from moisture and direct light.

Melatonin can influence the activity of several other medicines; interactions are classified by clinical significance.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): melatonin may enhance anticoagulant effect, increasing bleeding risk.
• Immunosuppressants (e.g., cyclosporine): may reduce immunosuppressive efficacy.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• CNS depressants (e.g., benzodiazepines, antihistamines): additive sedative effect, monitor drowsiness.
• CYP1A2 substrates (e.g., theophylline, fluvoxamine): melatonin can inhibit metabolism, adjust dose if needed.
• Hormonal contraceptives: possible reduction in efficacy, monitor menstrual changes.