Product image of Melatonin supplied by GNH India

Melatonin

Active Ingredient:
Melatonin
Origin:
EU

Melatonin

Melatonin, the active ingredient in Melatonin, is a melatonin receptor agonist presented as a / for oral use. It treats sleep onset insomnia, jet lag, and circadian rhythm sleep‑wake disorders in adults and adolescents.

GNH India supplies Melatonin as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Orion Corporation

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Indications & Clinical Uses

Melatonin acts on the melatonin receptor system to regulate sleep‑wake timing.

  • Sleep onset insomnia: helps initiate sleep and improve sleep latency.
  • Jet lag: reduces the time needed to adjust to new time zones.
  • Circadian rhythm sleep‑wake disorders: stabilises abnormal circadian patterns and promotes more regular sleep timing.

How It Works

  • Melatonin binds to MT1 and MT2 receptors in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, mimicking endogenous melatonin. This activation modulates the circadian clock, lowers core body temperature, and promotes the physiological processes that initiate sleep, thereby facilitating sleep onset and synchronising the sleep‑wake cycle.

Side Effects

Melatonin is generally well tolerated, but adverse reactions can occur.

Common Side Effects

  • Drowsiness or daytime sleepiness.
  • Headache.
  • Dizziness.
  • Nausea.
  • Vivid dreams or nightmares.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

  • Allergic reactions such as rash, itching, or swelling.
  • Mood changes including depression or anxiety.
  • Hormonal effects like menstrual irregularities.
  • Severe dizziness leading to falls.
  • Unexplained chest discomfort.

Precautions & Warnings

Use melatonin with consideration of individual health status and potential interactions.

  • Pregnancy: consult a healthcare professional before use.
  • Breastfeeding: discuss risks and benefits with a clinician.
  • Pediatric use: only under medical supervision.
  • Elderly: start with the lowest effective dose.
  • Concomitant CNS depressants: monitor for enhanced sedation.
  • Store at ambient temperature: keep in the original container, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Avoid Interactions

Melatonin may interact with several drug classes, requiring attention to avoid adverse outcomes.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

  • Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): may increase bleeding risk.
  • Immunosuppressants (e.g., cyclosporine): potential reduction in efficacy.
  • Central nervous system depressants (e.g., benzodiazepines): risk of excessive sedation.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

  • Antidiabetic agents: possible alteration of blood glucose control.
  • Hormonal contraceptives: may affect hormone levels.
  • CYP1A2 inhibitors (e.g., fluvoxamine): can raise melatonin plasma concentrations.

Frequently Asked Questions

Melatonin is used to manage sleep onset insomnia, to alleviate jet lag after rapid travel across time zones, and to treat circadian rhythm sleep‑wake disorders such as shift‑work disorder or delayed sleep phase syndrome.

Melatonin mimics the body’s natural hormone by binding to MT1 and MT2 receptors in the brain’s master clock. This interaction signals that it is nighttime, helping to lower body temperature, reduce alertness, and promote the onset of sleep.

The appropriate dose of melatonin is determined by a prescriber based on the individual’s age, condition, and response. Dosage may range from low microgram amounts to several milligrams, and should be taken as directed by a healthcare professional.

Safety data for melatonin in pregnancy and lactation are limited. Women who are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding should discuss potential risks and benefits with their physician before using melatonin.

To request melatonin, submit an enquiry on the product page at gnhindia.com, specifying the required quantity. GNH India works with hospitals, pharmacies and procurement teams worldwide, verifies trade or institutional credentials, and then provides pricing, availability, shipping details and any necessary import documentation.

Unlike benzodiazepines or non‑benzodiazepine hypnotics, melatonin targets the body’s natural sleep‑regulating pathway rather than producing broad central nervous system depression. This generally results in fewer next‑day residual effects, but efficacy may be modest for severe insomnia.

Melatonin should be stored at ambient temperature, below 25 °C, in its original packaging. Keep the product away from moisture, excessive heat, and direct sunlight to maintain potency.

Melatonin is taken orally, typically as a tablet, capsule, or liquid. It is usually taken 30‑60 minutes before the desired bedtime, following the dosing instructions provided by a healthcare professional.

Serious risks, though rare, include severe allergic reactions such as rash, swelling, or difficulty breathing, and significant mood changes like depression or anxiety. Any unexpected or severe symptoms should prompt immediate medical evaluation.

Individuals with known hypersensitivity to melatonin, those taking certain anticoagulants, immunosuppressants, or CNS depressants, and patients with uncontrolled epilepsy or severe psychiatric disorders should avoid melatonin unless specifically advised by a physician.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated:

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