Melatonine Omega Pharma (Melatonin)

Melatonin is used to address disorders of the sleep‑wake cycle and related circadian rhythm disturbances.

• Insomnia: helps reduce time to fall asleep and improve sleep quality in adults with difficulty initiating sleep.
• Jet lag: assists in adjusting the internal clock after rapid travel across time zones, facilitating faster adaptation.
• Shift work disorder: supports sleep regulation for individuals working non‑traditional hours, improving daytime alertness.

• Melatonin acts as an agonist at MT1 and MT2 receptors in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. Binding these G‑protein‑coupled receptors mimics the endogenous hormone released during darkness, signaling night onset. This interaction synchronizes circadian rhythms, promotes sleep onset, and modulates hormonal and metabolic processes linked to the sleep‑wake cycle.

Oral melatonin may be associated with a range of adverse reactions, most of which are mild and transient.

Common Side Effects

• Drowsiness or daytime sleepiness
• Headache
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Vivid dreams or nightmares

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Allergic reactions such as rash, itching or swelling
• Mood changes including depression or anxiety
• Hormonal disturbances affecting menstrual cycles
• Severe hypotension (very low blood pressure)
• Respiratory difficulties in susceptible individuals

When considering melatonin therapy, several safety considerations should be reviewed.

• Contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to melatonin: avoid use and discontinue if reaction occurs.
• Caution in patients with uncontrolled hypertension or cardiovascular disease: monitor blood pressure regularly.
• Use with care in persons taking anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents: assess bleeding risk.
• Not recommended for children unless prescribed by a pediatric specialist: evaluate growth and hormonal impact.
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women: consult healthcare professional before initiating therapy.
• Store at ambient temperature below 25°C: keep in original container, protect from moisture and direct sunlight.

Melatonin can interact with other medicines, altering its effectiveness or increasing adverse effects.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin): may increase bleeding risk; avoid concurrent use.
• Immunosuppressants (e.g., cyclosporine): melatonin may reduce immunosuppressive efficacy; avoid combination.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Sedatives or CNS depressants (e.g., benzodiazepines, antihistamines): additive sleepiness; monitor drowsiness.
• Oral contraceptives: melatonin levels may be elevated; observe for hormonal side effects.
• Antidepressants (e.g., SSRIs, MAO inhibitors): potential serotonin syndrome; watch for mood changes.
• Antidiabetic agents: melatonin may affect glucose control; check blood sugar regularly.