Product image of Metformin Hydrochloride Zentiva (Metformin Hydrochloride) supplied by GNH India

Metformin Hydrochloride Zentiva

Active Ingredient:
Metformin Hydrochloride
Origin:
EU

Metformin Hydrochloride Zentiva (Metformin Hydrochloride)

Metformin Hydrochloride, the active ingredient in Metformin Hydrochloride Zentiva, is a Biguanide presented as an oral tablet for oral use. It lowers blood glucose in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus, improving glycemic control when used with diet and exercise.

GNH India supplies Metformin Hydrochloride Zentiva as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide. The company adheres to stringent quality standards and provides reliable sourcing for regulated markets. Its distribution network ensures timely delivery and compliance with local regulatory requirements.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Zentiva Pharma Uk Limited

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Indications & Clinical Uses

Metformin Hydrochloride is used in the management of hyperglycemia associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus: improves glycemic control by reducing hepatic glucose output and enhancing peripheral insulin sensitivity.
  • Prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance): helps improve insulin sensitivity and may delay progression to overt diabetes.
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): reduces insulin resistance and may improve menstrual regularity.

How It Works

  • Metformin Hydrochloride primarily inhibits hepatic gluconeogenesis and increases peripheral glucose uptake. It activates AMP‑activated protein kinase (AMPK), which enhances insulin‑mediated glucose utilization and reduces intestinal glucose absorption, leading to lower circulating blood glucose levels.

Side Effects

Metformin Hydrochloride may cause a range of adverse reactions.

Common Side Effects

  • Gastrointestinal upset: nausea, abdominal discomfort, or loss of appetite.
  • Diarrhea: loose stools that may be mild to moderate.
  • Metallic taste: transient alteration of taste perception.
  • Flatulence: increased intestinal gas.
  • Weight loss: modest reduction in body weight.
  • Vitamin B12 deficiency: decreased absorption over long‑term use.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

  • Lactic acidosis: a rare but life‑threatening accumulation of lactate.
  • Severe hypoglycemia: especially when combined with insulin or sulfonylureas.
  • Hepatic dysfunction: abnormal liver enzymes or hepatitis.
  • Skin reactions: rash, urticaria, or Stevens‑Johnson syndrome.
  • Pancreatitis: inflammation of the pancreas.
  • Renal impairment: worsening kidney function in susceptible patients.

Precautions & Warnings

When prescribing Metformin Hydrochloride, clinicians should consider several safety measures.

  • Renal function: assess eGFR before initiating and monitor periodically.
  • Lactic acidosis risk: avoid in patients with significant hepatic impairment, hypoxia, or acute heart failure.
  • Alcohol consumption: limit intake as it may increase lactic acidosis risk.
  • Vitamin B12 monitoring: consider periodic assessment during long‑term therapy.
  • Pregnancy and lactation: use only if potential benefits justify the potential risks.
  • Store at ambient temperature: keep below 25°C in the original pack, protect from moisture.

Avoid Interactions

Metformin Hydrochloride can interact with several medicines; awareness of the interaction level guides clinical decisions.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

  • Iodinated contrast agents: may precipitate acute renal failure when combined.
  • Cimetidine: can increase metformin plasma concentrations.
  • Alcohol abuse: heightens the risk of lactic acidosis.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

  • Beta‑blockers: may mask symptoms of hypoglycemia.
  • Diuretics (especially thiazides): can affect renal clearance of metformin.
  • ACE inhibitors or ARBs: require monitoring of renal function and electrolytes.
  • Digoxin: may require dose adjustment due to altered renal handling.

Frequently Asked Questions

Metformin Hydrochloride Zentiva is an oral antidiabetic medication indicated for the management of hyperglycemia in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It helps lower blood glucose levels when used together with diet and exercise.

Metformin works by decreasing hepatic glucose production, increasing peripheral glucose uptake, and improving insulin sensitivity. It activates the AMP‑activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, which reduces gluconeogenesis and enhances glucose utilization in muscle and fat tissues.

The dose of Metformin Hydrochloride Zentiva is individualized. A qualified prescriber determines the appropriate strength and frequency based on the patient’s renal function, glycemic response, and overall clinical condition.

Safety in pregnancy and lactation is not fully established. It should only be used when the potential benefit to the mother outweighs any possible risk to the fetus or infant, and only under medical supervision.

To place an order, submit an enquiry on the product page at gnhindia.com with the required quantity. GNH India supplies hospitals, pharmacies and procurement teams worldwide, verifies trade or institutional credentials, and then provides pricing, availability, shipping details and any necessary import documentation.

Metformin belongs to the biguanide class and is generally weight‑neutral, unlike sulfonylureas which can cause weight gain. It does not stimulate insulin secretion, reducing the risk of hypoglycemia when used alone, and is often used as first‑line therapy before adding agents such as DPP‑4 inhibitors or SGLT2 inhibitors.

Store the tablets at ambient temperature, preferably below 25 °C. Keep them in the original container, protect from moisture and direct sunlight, and ensure the packaging remains tightly closed until use.

Metformin Hydrochloride Zentiva is taken orally as a tablet. Swallow the tablet whole with a glass of water, preferably with meals to reduce gastrointestinal discomfort. Do not crush or chew the tablet unless specifically instructed by a healthcare professional.

The most serious risk is lactic acidosis, a rare but potentially fatal condition. Other serious concerns include severe hypoglycemia when combined with insulin or sulfonylureas, and long‑term vitamin B12 deficiency, which may require periodic monitoring.

Metformin is contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m²), acute or chronic metabolic acidosis, significant hepatic disease, or conditions predisposing to hypoxia such as uncontrolled heart failure.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated:

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