Methotrexaat Viatris (Methotrexate)

Methotrexate blocks the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, preventing the formation of tetrahydrofolate needed for purine and thymidylate synthesis. This limits DNA, RNA and protein production, causing cell‑cycle arrest and apoptosis in rapidly dividing cells such as immune‑mediated inflammatory cells and cancer cells.

The prescribed dose is individualized by the treating physician based on the specific indication, patient weight, renal and hepatic function, and any concomitant therapies. Methotrexate dosing regimens vary widely, so the prescriber sets the exact amount and schedule.

Methotrexate is classified as teratogenic and is contraindicated in pregnancy. Women of child‑bearing potential must use effective contraception during treatment and for a defined period after the last dose. Breastfeeding is also discouraged because the drug is excreted in milk.

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For rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis, methotrexate is often used as a first‑line disease‑modifying agent and may be combined with biologics for greater efficacy. In oncology, it is part of multi‑agent chemotherapy protocols, offering a distinct mechanism compared with targeted therapies or immunotherapies.

The product should be stored at 2‑8 °C, protected from light, and must not be frozen or shaken. Keep the vial in its original packaging until use, and discard any solution that appears discolored or contains particles.

Methotrexaat Viatris is supplied as a sterile solution for subcutaneous injection. The injection is typically given into the abdomen or thigh using a sterile needle, following aseptic technique. Patients should be instructed on proper site rotation and disposal of sharps.

The most critical adverse events include severe hepatotoxicity, pulmonary fibrosis, and bone‑marrow suppression leading to pancytopenia. Early detection through regular laboratory monitoring and prompt reporting of respiratory symptoms or unexplained bruising is essential.

Methotrexaat Viatris is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to methotrexate, active severe liver disease, uncontrolled infections, and in women who are pregnant or planning pregnancy without effective contraception. Caution is also advised for individuals with impaired renal function.