Product image of Metiltioninio Cloruro S.A.L.F. (Methylthioninium Chloride) supplied by GNH India

Metiltioninio Cloruro S.A.L.F.

Active Ingredient:
Methylthioninium Chloride
Origin:
EU

Metiltioninio Cloruro S.A.L.F. (Methylthioninium Chloride)

Methylthioninium chloride, the active ingredient in Metiltioninio Cloruro S.A.L.F., is a phenothiazine derivative presented as an injectable solution for intramuscular or intravenous use. It reduces methemoglobin to functional hemoglobin and serves as an antidote for methemoglobinemia, cyanide poisoning, and certain drug‑induced toxicities.
GNH India supplies Metiltioninio Cloruro S.A.L.F. as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, pharmacies and clinics worldwide.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

S.A.L.F. Spa Laboratorio Farmacologico

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Indications & Clinical Uses

Methylthioninium chloride is employed in the management of disorders where abnormal hemoglobin or toxic metabolites are present.

  • Methemoglobinemia: restores normal oxygen‑carrying capacity of hemoglobin.
  • Cyanide poisoning: facilitates detoxification of cyanide ions.
  • Ifosfamide‑induced encephalopathy: mitigates neurotoxic effects of the chemotherapy metabolite.
  • Urinary tract infections: used as a diagnostic/therapeutic agent to highlight bacterial presence.

How It Works

  • Methylthioninium chloride acts as a redox agent that accepts electrons from NADPH‑dependent methemoglobin reductase, converting ferric (Fe3+) hemoglobin back to its ferrous (Fe2+) form. It also inhibits nitric oxide synthase and guanylate cyclase, reducing vasodilation and supporting vascular tone during toxic exposures.

Side Effects

Methylthioninium chloride may cause a range of adverse reactions.

Common Side Effects

  • Nausea: mild to moderate gastrointestinal upset.
  • Headache: transient cranial discomfort.
  • Dizziness: occasional light‑headedness.
  • Blue‑green discoloration of urine: harmless coloration.
  • Mild hypertension: temporary rise in blood pressure.
  • Abdominal discomfort: mild cramping.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

  • Hemolysis in G6PD‑deficient patients: can lead to severe anemia.
  • Anaphylaxis: rare but potentially life‑threatening allergic reaction.
  • Paradoxical methemoglobinemia: worsening of the condition.
  • Severe hypertension or hypertensive crisis.
  • Serotonin syndrome when combined with serotonergic agents.
  • Cardiac arrhythmias: irregular heart rhythms.

Precautions & Warnings

When using methylthioninium chloride, consider the following safety measures.

  • G6PD deficiency: avoid use due to risk of hemolysis.
  • Pregnancy: safety not established; use only if clearly needed.
  • Breastfeeding: unknown excretion; weigh benefits against potential risks.
  • Serotonergic drugs: monitor for serotonin syndrome.
  • Blood pressure: observe for significant elevations.
  • Store at ambient temperature: keep in original container, protect from light and moisture.

Avoid Interactions

Methylthioninium chloride can interact with several medication classes.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

  • Serotonergic agents (SSRIs, MAOIs, tramadol): risk of serotonin syndrome.
  • Phenothiazine antipsychotics: additive central nervous system effects.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

  • Anticoagulants: may enhance bleeding tendency.
  • High‑dose vitamin C: can reduce drug efficacy.
  • Drugs causing oxidative stress: increase hemolysis risk in susceptible patients.

Frequently Asked Questions

Metiltioninio Cloruro S.A.L.F., containing methylthioninium chloride, is used as an antidote for methemoglobinemia, cyanide poisoning, and ifosfamide‑induced encephalopathy, and it can also serve as a diagnostic or therapeutic agent in certain urinary tract infections.

The compound acts as a redox agent that donates electrons to ferric (Fe3+) hemoglobin, converting it back to functional ferrous (Fe2+) hemoglobin. It also inhibits nitric oxide synthase and guanylate cyclase, helping to restore normal vascular tone during toxic exposures.

The dose of methylthioninium chloride is determined by the prescribing clinician based on the specific indication, severity of the condition, patient weight, and clinical response. Exact dosing regimens are not provided here.

Safety data for methylthioninium chloride in pregnancy and lactation are limited. It should only be used when the potential benefit justifies any possible risk to the fetus or infant, and the decision must be made by a qualified healthcare professional.

To place an order, submit an enquiry on the product page at gnhindia.com, specifying the required quantity. GNH India works with hospitals, pharmacies and procurement teams worldwide, verifies trade or institutional credentials, and then provides pricing, availability, shipping details (including cold‑chain if needed) and any required import documentation.

Methylthioninium chloride (commonly known as methylene blue) is the first‑line antidote for methemoglobinemia and is generally more rapidly effective than alternative agents such as ascorbic acid. Its dual action as a redox reducer and nitric oxide pathway modulator distinguishes it from other treatments.

The product should be stored at ambient temperature, protected from direct light and moisture, and kept in its original packaging until use. Do not freeze or expose the solution to extreme temperatures.

Methylthioninium chloride is supplied as an injectable solution and can be given either intramuscularly or intravenously by a qualified healthcare professional, following aseptic technique and appropriate dosing calculations.

The most critical risks include hemolysis in patients with glucose‑6‑phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, severe hypertension, serotonin syndrome when combined with serotonergic drugs, and rare anaphylactic reactions. Prompt monitoring for these events is essential.

Patients with known G6PD deficiency, those currently taking serotonergic medications (unless closely monitored), and individuals with a history of severe allergic reactions to methylene blue should avoid this drug unless the benefits clearly outweigh the risks.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated:

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