Product image of Metoject (Methotrexate) supplied by GNH India

Metoject

Active Ingredient:
Methotrexate
Origin:
EU

Metoject (Methotrexate)

Methotrexate, the active ingredient in Metoject, is an antimetabolite (folate antagonist) presented as a subcutaneous injection formulation for subcutaneous use. It is employed to treat autoimmune disorders, certain cancers, and ectopic pregnancy by modulating immune response and inhibiting cell proliferation.

GNH India supplies Metoject as a licensed, GDP‑compliant international pharmaceutical supplier serving hospitals, oncology centres and pharmacies worldwide.

Manufacturer / TM Owner

Medac Gesellschaft Für Klinische Spezialpräparate Mbh (Wedel)

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Indications & Clinical Uses

Methotrexate is used across several disease pathways, primarily as an immunosuppressant and antineoplastic agent.

  • Rheumatoid arthritis: reduces disease activity and joint inflammation.
  • Psoriasis: diminishes skin lesions and plaque formation.
  • Certain leukemias and lymphomas: interferes with malignant cell replication.
  • Ectopic pregnancy: halts trophoblastic growth to allow medical management.

How It Works

  • Methotrexate inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, preventing the conversion of dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate and thereby reducing purine and pyrimidine synthesis. This blockade limits DNA, RNA, and protein production, leading to decreased proliferation of rapidly dividing cells and modulation of inflammatory pathways through adenosine release.

Side Effects

Methotrexate may cause a range of adverse reactions, from mild to severe.

Common Side Effects

  • Nausea or vomiting: gastrointestinal upset occurring shortly after administration.
  • Fatigue: persistent tiredness not explained by disease activity.
  • Oral mucositis: painful sores or ulceration of the mouth lining.
  • Elevated liver enzymes: mild transaminase rise detectable on labs.
  • Low blood counts: mild reductions in white cells or platelets.
  • Alopecia: temporary thinning or loss of scalp hair.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

  • Bone marrow suppression: severe pancytopenia requiring medical intervention.
  • Hepatotoxicity: significant liver injury or fibrosis.
  • Pulmonary fibrosis: progressive lung scarring leading to respiratory compromise.
  • Severe infection: opportunistic infections due to immunosuppression.
  • Renal failure: acute kidney injury from drug accumulation.
  • Anaphylaxis: rare hypersensitivity reaction with systemic symptoms.

Precautions & Warnings

Methotrexate requires careful monitoring and specific safety measures.

  • Pregnancy: contraindicated (Category X); teratogenic risk mandates effective contraception.
  • Liver disease: avoid or use with caution; regular liver function testing is essential.
  • Renal impairment: dose adjustment may be needed; monitor creatinine clearance.
  • Immunosuppression: increase vigilance for infections and avoid live vaccines.
  • Store at 2-8°C: keep refrigerated, protect from light, do not freeze or shake.

Avoid Interactions

Methotrexate interacts with several drug classes, influencing efficacy and toxicity.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

  • NSAIDs: increase methotrexate plasma levels and risk of toxicity.
  • Penicillins: may potentiate hematologic suppression.
  • Sulfonamides: compete for renal tubular secretion, raising methotrexate concentrations.
  • Live vaccines: heightened risk of severe infection.
  • Proton pump inhibitors: can reduce renal clearance, elevating exposure.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

  • Azathioprine or leflunomide: additive immunosuppression.
  • Warfarin: enhanced anticoagulant effect, monitor INR.
  • Oral contraceptives: reduced efficacy, consider alternative contraception.
  • Allopurinol: may increase methotrexate toxicity.
  • Trimethoprim‑sulfamethoxazole: potential for additive bone‑marrow effects.

Frequently Asked Questions

Metoject, containing methotrexate, is prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis, moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, certain leukemias and lymphomas, and medically managed ectopic pregnancy. In each case, the drug works by suppressing abnormal immune activity or inhibiting rapid cell division.

Methotrexate blocks the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is essential for producing tetrahydrofolate, a cofactor in DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. This interruption reduces the proliferation of immune cells and malignant cells, while also promoting anti‑inflammatory pathways through increased adenosine release.

The specific dose of Metoject is determined by the prescribing clinician based on the patient’s condition, weight, renal and hepatic function, and treatment goals. Only a qualified health professional should set the dosing regimen.

Metoject is classified as Pregnancy Category X because it is known to cause fetal malformations and embryotoxicity. It should not be used by pregnant women, and effective contraception is required for women of child‑bearing potential. Breastfeeding is also contraindicated as methotrexate can be excreted in milk.

To place an order, submit an enquiry on the Metoject product page at gnhindia.com, specifying the required quantity. GNH India works with hospitals, pharmacies and procurement teams worldwide, verifies trade or institutional credentials, and then provides pricing, availability, shipping details (including cold‑chain where needed) and necessary import documentation.

Compared with biologic agents such as TNF‑α inhibitors, methotrexate (Metoject) is a small‑molecule drug that is less expensive and can be administered subcutaneously. While biologics target specific cytokines, methotrexate has a broader mechanism affecting cell proliferation and inflammation, making it a first‑line option for many patients.

Metoject should be stored at 2‑8 °C (refrigerated). Keep the product in its original packaging, protect it from light, and avoid freezing or shaking the vial, as temperature excursions can affect stability and potency.

Metoject is given as a subcutaneous injection, typically into the abdomen or thigh. The injection should be performed by a trained health‑care professional or a patient who has been instructed on proper technique, using aseptic precautions and the appropriate needle size.

The most serious risks include bone‑marrow suppression leading to severe pancytopenia, hepatotoxicity that can progress to fibrosis or cirrhosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and life‑threatening infections due to immunosuppression. Regular laboratory monitoring is essential to detect these complications early.

Metoject is contraindicated in pregnant women, individuals with severe liver or renal impairment, patients with known hypersensitivity to methotrexate, and those receiving live vaccines. Caution is also advised for patients with pre‑existing blood dyscrasias or uncontrolled infections.

Published by

GNH India Pharmaceuticals Limited

Licensed pharmaceutical supplier

Last updated:

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