Metronidazol Panpharma (Metronidazole)

Metronidazol Panpharma is a nitroimidazole antibiotic used to manage infections caused by anaerobic bacteria and susceptible protozoa.

• Bacterial vaginosis: eradicates the anaerobic bacteria responsible for the condition, relieving discharge and odor.
• Trichomoniasis: eliminates Trichomonas vaginalis, curing infection and preventing recurrence.
• Amebic dysentery: destroys Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites, reducing intestinal inflammation and diarrhea.
• Anaerobic bacterial infections: targets a broad range of anaerobes in intra‑abdominal, pelvic and skin‑soft tissue infections.
• Clostridioides difficile infection: suppresses toxin‑producing C. difficile, aiding clinical resolution of severe colitis.

• Metronidazole is taken up by anaerobic microorganisms and reduced by intracellular electron transport proteins to generate reactive nitro radical anions. These radicals interact with DNA, causing strand breakage and loss of helical structure, and also inhibit nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately leading to microbial cell death without affecting aerobic cells.

Metronidazol Panpharma may cause a range of adverse reactions, most of which are mild and reversible.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: mild to moderate upset stomach.
• Metallic taste: transient metallic sensation in the mouth.
• Headache: mild headache during treatment.
• Diarrhea: loose stools that resolve after therapy.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Seizures: rare neurologic events requiring immediate medical attention.
• Severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis): rapid onset of hives, swelling, and breathing difficulty.
• Peripheral neuropathy: tingling or numbness in extremities, potentially persistent.

Metronidazol Panpharma requires careful clinical consideration before and during therapy.

• Assess renal function: adjust use in patients with severe impairment.
• Avoid alcohol: risk of disulfiram‑like reaction with flushing and tachycardia.
• Monitor for neurotoxicity: report numbness, tingling, or gait disturbances.
• Use with caution in pregnancy: category B, benefits must outweigh potential risks.
• Store at ambient temperature: keep in original container, protect from moisture and light.

Metronidazol Panpharma can interact with several medicines, altering efficacy or safety.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Alcohol: may cause severe disulfiram‑like reaction.
• Warfarin: potentiates anticoagulant effect, increasing bleeding risk.
• Lithium: may raise lithium levels, leading to toxicity.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Cimetidine: can increase metronidazole plasma concentrations.
• Phenytoin: may reduce metronidazole effectiveness.