Mexalen (Paracetamol)

Paracetamol acts as an analgesic and antipyretic, reducing pain and fever through central prostaglandin inhibition.

• Fever: lowers elevated body temperature in febrile patients.
• Headache: alleviates tension‑type and mild migraine headaches.
• Musculoskeletal pain: eases sore muscles and joint discomfort.
• General pain: provides relief for mild to moderate pain from various causes.

• Paracetamol inhibits cyclooxygenase enzymes, primarily COX‑2, within the central nervous system, decreasing the synthesis of prostaglandins that mediate pain and fever. This central action produces analgesic and antipyretic effects without significant peripheral anti‑inflammatory activity.

Paracetamol suppositories are generally well tolerated, but adverse reactions can occur.

Common Side Effects

• Nausea: mild stomach upset after administration.
• Local irritation: redness or discomfort at the rectal site.
• Dizziness: transient feeling of light‑headedness.
• Rash: mild skin eruption unrelated to dosage.
• Abdominal discomfort: mild cramping or pain.

Serious or Rare Side Effects

• Severe skin reactions: Stevens‑Johnson syndrome or toxic epidermal necrolysis.
• Hepatotoxicity: liver injury, especially with overdose or pre‑existing liver disease.
• Anaphylaxis: rare allergic reaction with breathing difficulty or swelling.

Paracetamol suppositories should be used with awareness of specific safety considerations.

• Assess liver function: avoid in patients with severe hepatic impairment.
• Avoid concurrent hepatotoxic drugs: do not combine with other liver‑affecting medications.
• Use with caution in dehydration: ensure adequate fluid intake.
• Do not exceed recommended frequency: follow prescriber guidance for dosing intervals.
• Pregnancy and breastfeeding: consult a healthcare professional before use.
• Store at room temperature: keep in the original pack, protect from moisture.

Paracetamol may interact with several medicines, requiring attention to avoid adverse outcomes.

Major Interactions (Avoid)

• Warfarin: increased risk of bleeding.
• Alcohol: heightened potential for liver toxicity.
• Hepatotoxic drugs (e.g., isoniazid, methotrexate): additive liver stress.

Moderate Interactions (Monitor Closely)

• Enzyme inducers (e.g., carbamazepine, rifampicin): may reduce paracetamol effectiveness.
• Oral contraceptives: possible reduction in contraceptive efficacy.
• Antiepileptics (e.g., phenobarbital): may alter metabolism, requiring monitoring.